长三角“土地财政”依赖与地方金融创新

发布时间：2018-02-11 08:51

本文关键词： 土地财政财政收入融资平台金融创新　出处：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国房地产市场在进入二十一世纪后得到快速的发展,城市化进程随之不断加快。由于我国特殊的土地制度,农村土地在成为建设用地前必须经地方政府征收成为国有用地,所以地方政府在城市化不断推进的过程中获得了大量的土地出让收益,加之与土地相关的直接税和间接税的征收以及土地相关收费,形成了地方政府的“土地财政”。“土地财政”为地方政府带来了可观的收益,为城市基础设施建设和公共服务提供了资金保证,但过度依赖于“土地财政”也会产生大量的社会问题。在此背景下,本文开辟全新的视角,从长三角的区域特点出发,重点探讨长三角地区地方政府财政对土地财政收入的依赖情况。本文先从规模度量入手,在数量依据的基础上,本文以财政机会主义为框架,分析了对“土地财政”过度依赖的原因。为对“土地财政”有更深入的认识,本文构建土地市场与房地产市场的四个模型,并进行“土地财政”的相关实证分析,考察土地出让金收入与房价的关系以及影响土地出让金水平的多种因素。结合实证分析的结果,本文重点分析了对“土地财政”过度依赖的弊端,并引申出对地方政府融资创新的思考。现阶段地方政府的金融创新主要表现为融资平台的搭建,但融资平台在运行中亦表现出了大量的问题且现行平台的运行实质上和“土地财政”有着一定的关系。本文在厘清现存地方融资平台的特点和问题的基础上,提出了对地方政府金融创新的政策建议。本文一共分为五个部分,第一部分为导论,介绍了研究的背景意义,进行了文献综述,并总结了本文的创新点与不足之处。第二部分对长三角地方财政收入对土地相关财政收入的依赖情况进行了度量并分析了“土地财政”产生的原因。第三部分研究了相关理论模型,并构建了实证模型,在实证结果的基础上重点分析了过度依赖“土地财政”的弊端。第四部分析地现行的地方金融创新主要模式,即融资平台的运行特点和存在问题。第五部分提出为摆脱“土地财政”依赖一方面需要制度优化,更重要的是要拓宽地方金融创新渠道,并列出了详细的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, the real estate market of our country has been developed rapidly, and the process of urbanization has been quickened. Because of the special land system of our country, the rural land must be expropriated into state-owned land by the local government before it becomes the land for construction. As a result, local governments have gained a lot of revenue from land transfers in the process of urbanization, coupled with the collection of direct and indirect taxes related to land and the collection of land-related charges. The "land finance", which has formed the local government's "land finance", has brought considerable benefits to the local governments and provided financial guarantees for the construction of urban infrastructure and public services. However, excessive reliance on "land finance" will also lead to a large number of social problems. In this context, this paper opens up a new perspective, starting from the regional characteristics of the Yangtze River Delta. This paper focuses on the dependence of local government finance on land revenue in the Yangtze River Delta region. This paper starts with the measurement of scale and takes fiscal opportunism as the framework on the basis of quantitative basis. This paper analyzes the causes of over-dependence on "land finance". In order to have a deeper understanding of "land finance", this paper constructs four models of land market and real estate market, and carries out empirical analysis of land finance. This paper examines the relationship between the income from land sales and house prices and the factors affecting the level of land transfer fees. Combined with the results of empirical analysis, this paper focuses on the disadvantages of excessive dependence on "land finance". At the present stage, the financial innovation of local government is mainly manifested in the construction of financing platform. However, there are a lot of problems in the operation of the financing platform, and the operation of the current platform has a certain relationship with the "land finance". This paper clarifies the characteristics and problems of the existing local financing platform. Put forward to the local government financial innovation policy recommendations. This paper is divided into five parts, the first part is an introduction, introduced the background significance of the study, carried out a literature review, The second part measures the dependence of local financial revenue on land related revenue and analyzes the causes of "land finance". The relevant theoretical models are studied. On the basis of the empirical results, the paper analyzes the disadvantages of over-reliance on land finance. 4th major models of local financial innovation are analyzed. That is, the operating characteristics and existing problems of the financing platform. Part 5th puts forward that in order to get rid of the "land finance" dependence, we need to optimize the system on the one hand, and more importantly, broaden the local financial innovation channels, and list the detailed policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F812.7;F832.7;F301.2

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