云南省小微企业金融服务体系构建研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 10:21

本文选题：小微企业　切入点：金融服务　出处：《云南财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：小微企业从诞生到现在,已然成为国民经济发展的重要动力。据统计,我国各类企业总数为1527.84万户。其中,小微企业占企业总数的76.57%,达到1169.87万户。如此大的规模,小微企业成为了国民经济的重要力量,为社会提供了大量的就业机会。就云南而言,作为民营经济的主体,云南省小微企业(含个体工商户)数量庞大,全省已达200余万家,小微企业全省GDP贡献率超过60%,税收贡献率超过50%,提供了85%以上的城乡就业岗位。成为支撑我省经济发展的重要力量。此外,小微企业还集聚了大量科技创新企业。小微企业厚积薄发,积极探索,完成了65%的发明专利和80%以上的新产品开发,成为我省科技产品创新的重要代表,为我省创新产业带来了活力。总而言之,小微企业已经我省经济发展、就业保障、税收增加、科技创新等提供了源源不断地支持,并将最终助力我省完成产业升级和结构转型。但众所周知,小微企业的发展仍然面临最重要的阻碍是资金不足。而银行及其他金融机构提供的金融服务多集中于大企业,而对于小微企业的资金支持力度较弱。从目前我国金融体系来看,大型国有控股银行为主体的金融机构由于小微企业信用、经营、财务等多方面的问题,为了避免资金风险,保证适当收益,从而对其采取比较谨慎的信贷政策,甚至会出现信贷歧视的状况。截至2015年12月末,云南全省银行业金融机构小微企业贷款余额为4831亿元,占各项贷款的比重达22.6%1,对比上述小微企业所贡献的数据来看,小微企业信贷比重仍然很低。基于此,云南省仍然需要构建多元化的小微企业金融服务体系。本文从金融服务的角度,提出构建小微企业多元金融服务体系,首先梳理了小微企业相关融资理论,以案例形式分析江苏省小微企业金融服务发展经验,并通过数据分析云南省金融服务现状以及存在的问题,从而得出云南省小微企业融资困难的原因主要在于融资渠道单一、融资担保缺失。最后本文从金融服务环境、间接融资市场、以及直接融资市场三个方面提出完善政策服务环境、金融机构建立、金融产品服务的深化、建立小微企业增信征信系统、建立小微企业直接融资平台等五个方面的构建思路,并提出相应政策建议。
[Abstract]:From its birth to now, small and micro enterprises have become an important driving force for the development of the national economy. According to statistics, the total number of enterprises of all kinds in China is fifteen million two hundred and seventy-eight thousand and four hundred . Of these, small and micro enterprises account for 76.57 of the total number of enterprises, reaching eleven million six hundred and ninety-eight thousand and seven hundred . Small and micro enterprises have become an important force in the national economy, providing a large number of employment opportunities for the society. As far as Yunnan is concerned, as the mainstay of the private economy, Yunnan Province has a large number of small and micro enterprises (including individual industrial and commercial households), which have reached more than 2 million in the whole province. The GDP contribution rate of small and micro enterprises in the province is over 60%, and the tax contribution rate is more than 50%, providing more than 85% urban and rural employment posts. In addition, it has become an important force to support the economic development of our province. Small and micro enterprises have also gathered a large number of scientific and technological innovation enterprises. Small and micro enterprises have made great efforts to explore and complete 65% patents and more than 80% new product development, which has become an important representative of scientific and technological product innovation in our province. In a word, small and micro enterprises have provided continuous support for the province's economic development, employment security, tax increase, scientific and technological innovation, etc. And will ultimately help our province to complete industrial upgrading and structural transformation. But as we all know, the most important obstacle to the development of small and micro enterprises is lack of funds. And the financial services provided by banks and other financial institutions are mostly concentrated in large enterprises. However, the financial support for small and micro enterprises is relatively weak. Judging from the current financial system of our country, because of the credit, operation and financial problems of small and micro enterprises, the financial institutions with large state-owned holding banks as the main body, in order to avoid capital risks, To ensure appropriate returns, and therefore to adopt a more prudent credit policy, there may even be a situation of credit discrimination. As at the end of 2015, the balance of loans for small and micro enterprises of banking financial institutions in Yunnan Province was 483.1 billion yuan. Accounts for 22.61% of all loans. Compared with the data contributed by the above-mentioned small and micro enterprises, the proportion of credit for small and micro enterprises is still very low. Yunnan Province still needs to build a diversified financial service system of small and micro enterprises. This paper puts forward the construction of multiple financial services system of small and micro enterprises from the perspective of financial services, and firstly combs the theory of financing related to small and micro enterprises. This paper analyzes the development experience of financial service of small and micro enterprises in Jiangsu Province in the form of case, and analyzes the present situation and existing problems of financial service in Yunnan Province through data analysis, and concludes that the main reason for financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises in Yunnan Province lies in the single financing channel. Finally, this paper puts forward to perfect the policy service environment, the establishment of financial institutions, the deepening of financial products and services from three aspects: financial service environment, indirect financing market and direct financing market. In this paper, we set up the credit system of small and micro enterprises, and set up the direct financing platform of small and micro enterprises, and put forward the corresponding policy suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.4

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