云南省农村“三权”抵押贷款融资问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 21:54

本文选题：云南省　切入点：农村“三权”抵押贷款　出处：《云南师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：“三农”问题是我国一直以来非常重视的问题,自2004年起,每年发布的中央一号文件中,都会提到“三农”的相关问题和政策意见。“三农”问题的有效解决,不仅是我国中国特色市场经济飞速发展的内在要求,更是我国构建社会主义和谐社会的内在动力。解决“三农”问题的关键,在于实现农村经济的快速、稳定、健康发展,实现农村金融市场的完善和金融供求的平衡。然而,由于其自身的特殊性,农村经济体存在资金供需不对称、融资渠道不规范等问题。出现这些问题的主要原因在于农户拥有的农村土地承包经营权、宅基地使用权和林权无法作为贷款抵押物,从而无法通过抵押贷款这种方式来获取资金,而银行也出于风险考虑,不愿向农户发放贷款。为解决这一困境,农村“三权”抵押贷款融资方式应运而生。目前为止,我国许多地区在积极探索农村“三权”抵押贷款实践方面做出了很大的努力并取得了一定的成绩,这为解决我国农村金融供求不均衡问题提供了宝贵的经验。但由于各地农村经济发展状况不同,在开展农村“三权”抵押贷款融资活动中面临的困难和需要解决的问题便会有所差异。所以,云南省开展的农村“三权”抵押贷款活动存在其特殊性,需具体问题具体分析。本文以云南省为研究区域,在实地调查基础上对云南省农村“三权”抵押融资基本现状进行了描述,从宏观层面剖析了“三权”抵押贷款目前阶段面临的困境和存在的问题,如:缺乏立法支撑、政府支持力度不够、金融机构积极性差、市场体系不完善、价值评估不健全、市场风险大、农民积极性差等。然后,从微观入手,以云南省典型县区农户各项特征为样本,分析了各项特征对农户农村“三权”抵押贷款融资意愿的影响。最后,结合宏观和微观两个层面,从云南省农村“三权”抵押贷款实践情况出发,针对实践过程中面临的融资困境,提供相应的路径选择和政策建议,如:完善立法、加强政府支持、创新业务模式、健全市场体系、鼓励农户参与等。
[Abstract]:The issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" has always been attached great importance to in our country. Since 2004, in the document No. 1 of the Central Committee issued every year, the related problems and policy opinions of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" have been mentioned, and the effective solution of the problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has been mentioned. It is not only the inherent requirement of the rapid development of the market economy with Chinese characteristics, but also the internal motive force of constructing a harmonious socialist society in our country. The key to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" lies in realizing the rapid, stable and healthy development of the rural economy. To achieve the perfection of rural financial market and the balance of financial supply and demand. However, because of its own particularity, rural economies have asymmetric supply and demand of funds. The main reasons for these problems lie in the rural land contractual management right owned by the farmers, the right to use the homestead and the forest right can not be used as collateral for the loan. It is impossible to obtain funds by way of mortgage loans, and banks are reluctant to lend to farmers because of their risk. To solve this dilemma, the "three rights" mortgage financing method in rural areas came into being. So far, Many areas of our country have made great efforts and made certain achievements in actively exploring the practice of "three rights" mortgage loans in rural areas. This has provided valuable experience in solving the imbalance between the supply and demand of rural finance in our country. However, due to the different conditions of rural economic development in various regions, The difficulties and problems that need to be solved in carrying out the "three rights" mortgage financing activities in rural areas will be different. Therefore, the rural "three rights" mortgage loan activities in Yunnan Province have their particularities. Taking Yunnan Province as the research area, this paper describes the basic situation of rural "three rights" mortgage financing in Yunnan Province on the basis of field investigation. This paper analyzes the difficulties and problems in the present stage of "three rights" mortgage loan from the macro level, such as: lack of legislative support, insufficient government support, poor enthusiasm of financial institutions, imperfect market system, imperfect evaluation of value, etc. The market risk is big, the farmer enthusiasm is bad and so on. Then, starting from the microcosmic, taking the typical county area of Yunnan province as the sample, the paper analyzes the influence of the characteristics on the rural "three rights" mortgage loan financing willingness of the farmers. Combining macro and micro aspects, starting from the practice of "three rights" mortgage loan in the rural areas of Yunnan Province, this paper aims at the financing dilemma in the process of practice, and provides the corresponding path choice and policy suggestions, such as: perfecting the legislation, strengthening the government support. Innovation business model, perfect market system, encourage farmer household to participate wait.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.43

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