中国水银行的运行与风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 04:25

本文选题：水银行　切入点：存贷流程　出处：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国是一个缺水严重的国家。水权制度的建设和水权市场的建立有利于提高水资源利用效率和配置效率,缓解水短缺问题。从目前实践来看,水权转让范围受限、水权交易法律保障不成熟、水权买卖存在风险。当下,“水银行”作为一种新型的水权流转有效形式,充分考虑水权不可交易或用水户不愿交易的情况,弥补了水权交易市场运行的局限性；并且可以促使水这种稀缺资源得以从利用效率较低的部门流向较高的部门,提高水资源利用效率,因此它在一定程度上缓解了水资源短缺问题。本文将产业经济学、西方经济学中的水权市场理论、外部效应理论、供求关系理论等相结合,通过对前人观念总结提出水银行的概念定义,并且对水银行的运作流程做出论述,最后研究水银行运行过程中所存在的风险并给出了相应的对策建议。 (1)水银行界定。“水银行”即是将水资源进行公平产权划分之后,以水作为货币来建立一种存贷体系,人们可以将持有的富余水资源按一定的水息率存进这个体系,紧缺方亦能以一定利率从体系中对进行贷出。 (2)水银行运作流程。水银行的运作是持水方与需水方在谋求自身利益最大化的基础上,借助水银行对水权进行存、贷的过程。水权银行的运作模式主要由三部分组成,存水、贷水和水息确定。水权存储与借贷构成了水权银行运作的主体模式,在二者的共同作用下,水银行才能运作起来,同时水权存贷关系决定了水息。反过来,水息又引导者水银行的存贷关系,具体表现为水息率的变化。 (3)水银行风险与监管。水银行风险主要分为内在风险和外部风险。内在风险主要表现为存贷水风险、息价风险、信用风险、敞口风险、资本风险等；外部风险主要分为自然风险和社会风险。而监管主要从内部风险着手,并且以政府监管、自律监管、社会监管三方面相结合的模式存在。
[Abstract]:China is a country with serious water shortage.The construction of water right system and the establishment of water right market can improve the efficiency of water resources utilization and allocation and alleviate the problem of water shortage.From the current practice, the scope of water rights transfer is limited, the legal protection of water rights trading is not mature, and there are risks in water rights trading.At present, as a new effective form of water rights circulation, "water bank" fully considers the situation that water rights cannot be traded or water users are unwilling to trade, which makes up for the limitation of water rights trading market.And it can promote the water as a scarce resource from the inefficient sector to the higher sector, improve the efficiency of water use, so to some extent, it alleviates the problem of water resources shortage.This paper combines industrial economics, water right market theory in western economics, external effect theory, supply and demand relation theory, and puts forward the concept definition of water bank by summarizing the former concepts, and discusses the operation process of water bank.Finally, the paper studies the risks in the operation of water bank and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.Water bank definition."Water Bank" is to divide water resources into fair property rights, and use water as money to set up a system of deposit and loan, in which people can deposit their surplus water resources at a certain rate of water interest.The shortage can also lend from the system at a certain rate of interest.Water bank operation process.The operation of water bank is the process of depositing and lending water right with the aid of water bank on the basis of maximizing their own interests.The operation mode of Water right Bank consists of three parts: water storage, loan water and water interest.Water right storage and loan constitute the main mode of operation of water right bank. Under the joint action of the two, the water bank can operate, and the water right deposit and loan relationship determines the water interest.On the other hand, water interest guides the deposit and loan relationship of water bank, which is the change of water interest rate.Water bank risk and supervision.The risk of water bank is mainly divided into internal risk and external risk.The internal risk includes water risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, exposure risk, capital risk and so on, while external risk is mainly divided into natural risk and social risk.The supervision mainly starts from the internal risk, and exists in three aspects: government supervision, self-regulation and social supervision.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.3

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