银行网点选址优化问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 21:45

本文选题：银行网点 + 设施选址　；参考：《华中科技大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：金融设施网点作为银行为客户提供金融服务的基础设施,其选址是否合理关系到银行的经营效益和竞争力,同样影响到金融行业区域投资成本和管理服务效率。考虑到金融设施选址作为服务行业有其自身的特征和规律,鉴于商业银行的金融产品具有提供与分配的同时性,一般都直接面对客户,且产品在交易过程中往往面对的顾客是多类型的,同时需求也是多元化的,这需要银行以顾客满意、服务质量和服务效率作为企业追求的重要目标。本文在考虑设施选址这一战略层决策的同时,结合设施选址过程中存在的以上因素进行了分析。结合排队理论和选址理论,研究了不同情形下的银行网点的设施选址问题,考虑不同的应用背景分别建立了各自不同的数学优化模型,并设计多种启发式算法和模拟随机算例对问题进行了求解和验证。论文首先给出了银行网点设施选址研究的意义及目的,依据目前的研究提出了本文要研究的问题和创新点,给出了银行网点设施选址问题的主要研究内容,并对研究现状进行评述。其次,研究了多类型设施和多类型顾客需求的银行网点选址问题。在竞争激烈的市场中,银行业需要从多层次多类型设施的角度进行合理选址,以满足多样化的顾客需求。本文首先结合银行网点选址自身的特点,从多类型设施的角度建立了不同层级的设施选址模型,以满足顾客需求的前提下寻求服务效率的最大化,并通过遗传算法进行了求解；其次结合排队论和覆盖理论,研究了多类型顾客需求的选址问题,建立数学模型,目标函数是追求期望覆盖需求的利润最大化,通过邻域搜索和遗传算法对模型进行了求解,并借助小规模算例对算法的有效性进行了检验。第三,研究了基于合作竞争的覆盖选址问题。目前大多已有的选址模型在考虑市场竞争的时候都假设为在纯竞争的环境下进行的,且其基于覆盖问题的竞争多借助Huff重力模型和空间互作用模型,使得市场份额的划分在实际情形中并非完全适用。本文以覆盖问题为基础,研究了银行网点选址中存在合作竞争条件下的集覆盖问题和最大覆盖问题,从市场占有和利润共享的角度出发,分别探讨了完全竞争、部分竞争及完全合作情形下银行的决策结果,建立模型并进行求解,对不同情形下企业的利润与成本作了对比分析。第四,研究了自助银行网点的设施选址与设计问题。为满足消费者需求的多样化,网点的功能性选址往往除了分中心、支行、营业网点外,还增加了便利的自助服务设施。本文首先通过对服务效率函数的构造,对传统中位问题进行了拓展。同时本章考虑了竞争环境下银行网点的选址,通过引入影响网点品质吸引力的效用函数和空间交互模型,建立了竞争环境下银行网点的截流选址,并借助银行网点服务台数量的分配对模型进行了设计,最后通过贪婪算法对模型进行求解,将实验结果与精确法进行比对,验证了算法的有效性。最后,总结全文,并对下一步的研究内容进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of queuing theory and site selection , this paper analyzes the location of the facilities of the bank outlets in different situations . Considering the different application background , this paper studies the different mathematical optimization models , and designs a variety of heuristic algorithms and simulation stochastic examples to solve and validate the problem .

Firstly , the significance and the aim of the research on the location of the facilities of the bank are given . According to the current research , the problems and the innovation points to be studied are put forward , the main research contents of the site selection of the bank outlets are given , and the research status is reviewed .

Secondly , we study the location of bank outlets for multi - type facilities and multi - type customer demand . In the competitive market , the banking needs to choose from multi - level multi - type facilities rationally to meet the diversified customer demand . In this paper , based on the characteristics of the site location of the bank , the facility location model at different levels is established from the angle of the multi - type facility to maximize the efficiency of service under the premise of satisfying the customer ' s demand , and the solution is solved by genetic algorithm .
Secondly , combining the queuing theory and the coverage theory , the paper studies the location problem of the multi - type customer demand , establishes the mathematical model , the objective function is the profit maximization of seeking the expected coverage demand , the model is solved by the neighborhood search and the genetic algorithm , and the validity of the algorithm is verified by the small - scale example .

Thirdly , the problem of covering site selection based on cooperative competition is studied . Most of the existing location models are assumed to be carried out under the environment of pure competition .

Fourthly , the location and design of the facilities of self - service banks are studied . In order to satisfy the demand of consumers , the location of the functional locations of the outlets is often divided into the centers , branches and outlets , and the convenience of the self - service facilities is also added . In this chapter , the location of the bank outlets in the competitive environment is expanded . At the same time , the model is designed by introducing the utility function and the spatial interaction model which influence the quality attraction of the outlets . Finally , the model is solved by the greedy algorithm , and the results are compared with the exact method , and the validity of the algorithm is verified .

Finally , the paper summarizes the whole and looks forward to the next research content .
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP18;F832.33

【参考文献】