长三角利用外资过程中的环境污染问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 21:30

本文选题：长三角 + 利用外资　；参考：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国利用外商直接投资规模不断扩大的同时,引进外资的水平也在不断提高,外商直接投资在促进经济发展、扩大就业方面做出了突出的贡献。特别是长三角地区,作为改革开放的前沿地区以其自身的经济和政策优势,吸引大量外资的流入,成为当地经济发展的重要推动力。但是,大量引进外资在推动当地经济发展、促进就业、产生技术溢出效应的同时,也给投资地的环境保护问题带来了诸多的不确定性,即引进外资产生积极效应的同时,也会对投资地产生消极的影响。作为我国区域经济发展的重要区域之一,长三角地区多年来在提高利用外资质量、优化外资结构方面取得了长足的进步,其引进外资份额位居全国前列。但同时需要注意,虽然利用外资的增长促进了长三角经济圈经济的快速增长,但是伴随着经济快速增长的同时,长三角地区“三废”的排放总量也在不断上升,长三角地区环境状况不断恶化。由此产生的新问题,引进外资与环境变化是否存在关系,两者之间存在何种联系,对这一问题的研究有助于实现长三角经济圈经济的可持续发展。本文以长三角地区为切入点,对长三角利用外资的现状与环境污染之间的问题进行了深入的分析,对于长三角地区提高引进外资的质量与生态环境的协调发展有重要的现实意义。为了深入的分析利用外资与环境污染之间的问题,本文共分为五个部分,依照内容依次为绪论、相关理论基础、基于环境污染的长三角利用外资问题及原因分析、长三角利用外资和环境污染关系的实证分析与对策建议。第一部分,绪论。从总体上分析论文探讨问题的背景,以及该问题在理论和实际中的意义。对引进外资和环境保护关系的相关文献进行了概述,并对论文的结构、创新点和不足进行了归纳。第二部分,阐述了利用外资与环境污染相关的理论依据。本文的这一部分介绍了三个理论,即污染天堂假说与竞争到底线理论、产品生命周期理论和边际产业理论。“环境避难所”即污染天堂假说将环境要素引入国际贸易H-O理论中,说明了环境要素在资源最优配置中的重要作用。由于不同国家或地区环境标准的差异,导致外商直接投资造成东道国的环境污染加剧,即“污染天堂假说”。产品生命周期理论以产品生命周期变化解释产业转移现象,反映对外直接投资动态形成过程。边际产业理论认为本国处于比较劣势的产业应该转移到具有比较优势的东道国进行生产,不仅有助于本国的产业结构升级,也能促进东道国经济的发展,产生双赢的效果。但劣势产业的转移也会对东道国的环境产生一定的消极影响。第三部分,从理论角度对长三角地区利用外资与环境问题的进行了说明。本文第三部分从引进外资规模、结构和技术三个角度,在结合已有研究成果的基础上,深入探讨引进外资对长三角地区环境保护的积极影响和消极影响。分析结果显示利用外资的规模对生态环境的影响可以用EKC曲线说明；利用外资的结构对生态环境的影响现实三次产业是不同的,其中第二产业对环境污染最严重；利用外资的技术对生态环境的影响是正向的,利用外资的引进能够带来技术的进步,进而改善长三角地区的环境质量。第四部分,长三角利用外资和环境污染关系的实证分析。本文通过大量的数据搜集,运用计量经济学的知识,对数据进行了平稳性检验和格兰杰检验,并运用Eviews软件作了利用外资与“三废”的一元线性回归,结果显示利用外资与“三废”直接存在着显著的线性关系。第五部分,长三角利用外资与环境协调发展的对策建议。本文从宏观层面对长三角利用外资与环境问题提出一些建议,主要从法律、标准、政策、机制、监管等方面进行阐述,使长三角引进外资与环境保护的双重目标得以实现。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the scale of foreign direct investment in China has been expanding, and the level of foreign investment has been increasing. The foreign direct investment has made outstanding contributions to promoting economic development and expanding employment. In particular, the Yangtze River Delta region, as the frontier of reform and opening up, has its own economic and policy advantages, and is absorbing its own economic and policy advantages. The inflow of a large number of foreign capital has become an important driving force for the development of the local economy. However, a large number of foreign capital introduced to the local economic development, the promotion of employment, the production of technology spillover effects, and the environmental protection of investment places have brought many uncertainties, namely, the positive effect of attracting foreign investment, and the investment real estate. There is a negative impact on life.
As one of the important regions in the development of regional economy in China, the Yangtze River Delta has made great progress in improving the quality of foreign capital and optimizing the structure of foreign capital for many years, and its share of foreign capital is in the forefront of the country. However, it needs to be paid attention to, although the growth of foreign capital has promoted the rapid economic growth of the Yangtze River Delta economic circle. With the rapid economic growth, the total emission of the "three wastes" in the Yangtze River Delta is increasing, and the environmental conditions in the Yangtze River Delta are deteriorating. The new problems arising from the relationship between foreign investment and environmental change are related, and what is the relationship between the two, the research on this issue will help to realize the economic circle of the Yangtze River Delta. The sustainable development of the economy.
This paper, taking the Yangtze River Delta region as the breakthrough point, makes an in-depth analysis of the current situation of the utilization of foreign capital in the Yangtze River Delta and the environmental pollution. It has an important practical significance for the improvement of the quality of the introduction of foreign capital and the coordinated development of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Delta region. It is divided into five parts, in accordance with the content of the introduction, the relevant theoretical basis, the analysis of the problems and causes of the utilization of foreign capital in the Yangtze River Delta Based on environmental pollution, the empirical analysis and Countermeasures of the relationship between foreign capital and environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Delta.
The first part, the introduction, analyzes the background of the problem in general, and the significance of the problem in theory and practice. It summarizes the related literature on the relationship between foreign investment and environmental protection, and summarizes the structure, innovation and deficiency of the paper.
The second part expounds the theoretical basis for the use of foreign capital and environmental pollution. This part of this article introduces three theories, namely, the hypothesis of pollution heaven and the theory of competition to the bottom line, the theory of product life cycle and the theory of marginal industry. "Environmental refuge", the pollution paradise hypothesis, introduces the environmental factors into the H-O theory of international trade. The important role of environmental factors in the optimal allocation of resources. Due to the differences in the environmental standards of different countries or regions, the environmental pollution of the host country is aggravated by the foreign direct investment, that is, the "hypothesis of pollution paradise". The theory of marginal industry believes that the relatively inferior industries should be transferred to the host country with comparative advantages, which not only helps to upgrade the industrial structure of the country, but also promotes the economic development of the host country, and produces a win-win result. However, the transfer of inferior industries will also produce certain environment for the host country. Negative effects.
The third part, from the theoretical point of view of the Yangtze River Delta region to make use of foreign capital and environment problems. The third part of this article from the scale of foreign investment, structure and technology in three angles, on the basis of the existing research results, in-depth discussion of the introduction of foreign investment in the Yangtze River Delta region of the positive impact and negative impact of environmental protection. The impact of the scale of foreign capital on the ecological environment can be explained by the EKC curve. The impact of the structure of foreign capital on the ecological environment is different, and the second industry has the most serious environmental pollution, and the use of foreign capital technology has a positive impact on the ecological environment, and the introduction of foreign capital can bring technology to the three. Progress has been made to improve the environmental quality of the Yangtze River Delta region.
The fourth part, the empirical analysis of the relationship between foreign capital and environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Delta. Through a large number of data collection, using the knowledge of econometrics, the stability test and Grainger test are carried out on the data, and the Eviews software is used to make the linear regression of foreign capital and "three wastes", and the results show that foreign capital and "three" are used. There is a direct linear relationship between waste and waste.
The fifth part, the countermeasures and suggestions for the coordinated development of foreign capital and the environment in the Yangtze River Delta. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the utilization of foreign capital and the environment in the Yangtze River Delta from the macro level, mainly from the aspects of law, standard, policy, mechanism and supervision, so as to achieve the dual objectives of introducing foreign capital and environmental protection in the Yangtze River Delta.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X22;F832.6

【参考文献】