FDI对中国农业产业安全的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 23:02

本文选题：FDI + 农业　；参考：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国农业利用外资始于上世纪70年代末,与改革开放同步行进。随着改革的不断深入和发展,从90年代起外商直接投资(FDI)成为农业利用外资的主要形式。农业FDI在补给国内投资不足和促进农业经济发展方面发挥了重要作用,但是随着外资参与中国农业产业程度的不断加深以及中国农产品市场开放程度的不断提高,FDI对中国农业产业安全的影响也日益凸显。农业作为一国国民经济的基础,其产业安全问题也是国家经济安全的重要组成部分,因此必须高度重视。本文以农业FDI为研究对象,沿着“研究背景——文献梳理——现状分析——影响途径的理论和实证分析——农业产业安全度评估——政策建议”的逻辑框架组织全文。首先,本文在系统梳理国内外对产业安全以及FDI对农业产业安全影响的相关理论和文献基础上,对农业产业安全的概念进行了界定。其次,对当前中国农业产业利用FDI的情况进行分析,概括其中存在的主要问题及原因。然后,本文重点以进出口贸易、资本投资和技术影响这三方面作为FDI对中国农业产业安全影响的途径,从理论和实证角度进行了分析。最后,在借鉴前人研究成果基础上,本文构建中国农业产业安全的评价指标体系,并对产业安全进行评估,得出当前的农业产业安全度。本文的研究结果表明：(1)中国农业FDI利用在改革开放后发展迅速,但当前主要存在资金利用率低、资金投向地区分布不平衡、产业内部资金分布不合理等问题,而且由于外资在农业产业链的紧密布局,对农业产业安全造成一定威胁。(2)实证结果表明,农业FDI对中国农产品进出口有正向促进作用,但是对进口的促进远大于出口,因此可能造成农业产业的对外依赖度；在投资方面,农业FDI对国内农业固定资产投资的挤出效应非常显著；但是在技术影响方面,农业FDI对提高农业科技进步、促进农业产业增长发挥的作用不明显。(3)对农业产业安全评价模型的设计和评估结果表明当前中国农业产业安全处于基本安全状态,但是接近不安全的分值区间,值得高度警惕。在上述理论和实证分析的基础上,本文提出针对农业产业FDI利用的可行性和操作性较强的政策建议,包括健全农业外商投资的法律法规建设,加强引资政策的科学性；推进农业产业化发展,完善国内农业的整体实力；加强农业基础设施建设,推动农业科技进步和创新,提升农业劳动力素质,创造良好的引资用资氛围；构建合理的农业产业安全评价体系和预警体系,切实保障农业在开放环境下的产业安全等。
[Abstract]:China's agricultural use of foreign capital began in the late 1970s, with the reform and opening-up. With the deepening and development of the reform, foreign direct investment (FDI) has become the main form of foreign investment in agriculture since 1990s. Agricultural FDI has played an important role in replenishing domestic investment and promoting agricultural economic development. However, with the deepening of the degree of foreign capital participation in Chinese agricultural industry and the continuous improvement of the degree of opening up of Chinese agricultural products market, the impact of FDI on the security of China's agricultural industry is becoming increasingly prominent. Agriculture as the foundation of a country's national economy, its industrial safety is also an important part of national economic security, so we must attach great importance to it. This paper takes agricultural FDI as the research object, organizes the full text along the logical frame of "the research background-literature combing-present situation analysis-influence way theory and empirical analysis-agricultural industry safety degree evaluation-policy suggestion". First of all, this paper defines the concept of agricultural industry security on the basis of systematically combing the related theories and literature about the impact of FDI on industrial security at home and abroad. Secondly, the paper analyzes the current situation of China's agricultural industry using FDI, and summarizes the main problems and reasons. Then, this paper focuses on the import and export trade, capital investment and technology impact as the impact of FDI on China's agricultural industry security approach, from the perspective of theory and empirical analysis. Finally, based on the previous research results, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of China's agricultural industry safety, and evaluates the industrial safety, and obtains the current agricultural industry safety degree. The results of this paper show that: (1) the utilization of agricultural FDI in China has developed rapidly after the reform and opening up, but there are some problems such as low utilization rate of funds, unbalanced regional distribution of funds, unreasonable distribution of funds within industries, etc. Because of the close distribution of foreign capital in the agricultural industrial chain, it poses a certain threat to the agricultural industry safety. (2) the empirical results show that agricultural FDI has a positive effect on the import and export of Chinese agricultural products, but the promotion of imports is far greater than that of exports. As a result, it may result in the degree of dependence of agricultural industry on external; in terms of investment, the crowding out effect of agricultural FDI on domestic agricultural fixed assets investment is very significant; but in terms of technological impact, agricultural FDI can improve the progress of agricultural science and technology. (3) the design and evaluation results of the agricultural industry safety evaluation model show that the agricultural industry safety in China is in a basic state of safety, but close to the unsafe value range, which is worthy of high vigilance. On the basis of the above theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on the feasibility and maneuverability of FDI utilization in agricultural industry, including perfecting the construction of laws and regulations for foreign investment in agriculture and strengthening the scientific nature of the policy of attracting foreign investment. To promote the development of agricultural industrialization, improve the overall strength of domestic agriculture, strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure, promote the progress and innovation of agricultural science and technology, improve the quality of agricultural labor force, and create a good atmosphere for attracting capital and using capital; A reasonable evaluation system and early warning system of agricultural industry safety should be established to ensure the industrial safety of agriculture under the open environment.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323;F832.6

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