农村小型金融组织的发展研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 11:40

【摘要】：农村小型金融组织作为我国金融体系的重要组成部分,得到了我国政府的高度重视。2006年12月以来,我国采取了多项重要措施推进农村金融市场的发展,尤其是促进农村小型金融组织的发展。截止2011年底农村信用社的总资产达到72047亿元,截止到2012年底,全国范围内的村镇银行达到1433家,小额贷款公司达到6080家。发展农村小型金融组织能够有效的增强农村金融市场的竞争激烈度,同时与大型金融机构形成相辅模式,弥补其在金融领域的服务弱项,满足农村经济发展的多元化金融需求。另外,农村小型金融组织为农村经济发展提供资金支持,带动农村整体经济的发展,对农村经济的整体运行具有重要的意义。农村小型金融组织凭借其自身的优点在农村金融市场有很大的发展空间,它快速健康的发展构成我国农村金融体系发展的有力的支撑和可靠的基础。本文在总结农村小型金融组织相关理论的基础上,对我国农村小型金融组织的发展现状进行描述,总结出目前我国农村小型金融组织所面临的困境,诸如人才的缺失、业务开展的局限、风险监控的不完善等。然后,通过对孟加拉国的格莱珉银行、印度NABARD微型金融机构以及德国合作银行体系的发展进行梳理,并结合我国农村小型金融组织的发展情况和我国的具体国情,选择性的进行借鉴,为培育适应我国农村经济发展的小型金融机构从微观和宏观两个角度提出了政策建议。微观建议包括树立良好形象,提高小型金融组织的社会知名度、提高员工素质水平,优化人力资源结构、确定合理的利率水平、立足农村,坚持服务“三农”,不断丰富产品体系；宏观建议包括加强融资政策支持力度,扩展资金来源渠道、加强政府职能的发挥,明确其在农村金融发展中地位、发展并完善农村金融法律体系,创建与其相适应的监管制度、构建促使农村小型金融组织可持续发展的良好金融环境、建立完善的农业保险体系。
[Abstract]:As an important part of China's financial system, rural small financial organizations have been highly valued by our government. Since December 2006, China has taken a number of important measures to promote the development of rural financial markets. Especially to promote the development of rural small financial organizations. By the end of 2011, the total assets of rural credit cooperatives had reached 7.2047 trillion yuan, and by the end of 2012, there were 1433 village banks and 6080 micro-loan companies nationwide. The development of rural small financial organizations can effectively enhance the intensity of competition in rural financial markets, at the same time form a complementary model with large financial institutions, make up for their weak service in the financial field, and meet the diversified financial needs of rural economic development. In addition, small financial organizations in rural areas provide financial support for the development of rural economy and promote the development of the whole rural economy, which is of great significance to the overall operation of rural economy. Rural small financial organizations have great space for development in rural financial markets with their own advantages. Its rapid and healthy development constitutes a strong support and reliable foundation for the development of rural financial system in China. On the basis of summarizing the relevant theories of rural small-scale financial organizations, this paper describes the current situation of the development of rural small-scale financial organizations in China, and summarizes the difficulties faced by rural small-scale financial organizations in China, such as the lack of talents. Business development limitations, risk monitoring is not perfect and so on. Then, by combing the development of the Grameen Bank of Bangladesh, the NABARD Microfinance Institution of India and the German Cooperative Bank system, and combining the development of rural small-scale financial organizations in China and the specific conditions of our country, In order to cultivate the small financial institutions adapted to the development of rural economy in China, some policy suggestions are put forward from the micro and macro aspects. Micro suggestions include setting up a good image, improving the social visibility of small financial organizations, improving the quality of employees, optimizing the structure of human resources, determining reasonable interest rates, establishing a foothold in rural areas, and insisting on serving the "three rural areas." The macroscopical suggestions include strengthening the financing policy support, expanding the sources of funds, strengthening the function of the government, clarifying its position in the development of rural finance, developing and perfecting the rural financial legal system, To build a good financial environment to promote the sustainable development of rural small financial organizations and to establish a perfect agricultural insurance system.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.35

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