中国对美贸易与对美直接投资的关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-12 17:00

【摘要】：随着贸易投资一体化的不断发展，其对世界经济的影响也不断加深。中国与美国作为当今世界经济格局中最具代表性的两大经济体，其国际贸易与国际投资的协同发展对二者来说都是至关重要的。就中国而言，国际贸易的稳健增长是其经济快速发展的首要原因，也是其经济政策的重中之重。然而，中国对美贸易在经过一个快速增长期后，其发展遇到诸多阻碍，在很大程度上制约了中国经济发展的进程。另一方面，中国的国际直接投资起步晚、发展慢，其对美直接投资仍低于国际正常水平，尚具有很大的发展潜力。因此，扩大中国在美投资以及总的对外直接投资可以在世界经济不景气的背景下刺激中国的经济增长，成为中国经济可持续发展的另一途径。基于这一目的，探究中国对美贸易与在美投资之间的关系就对指导中国今后的经济实践有着深远的现实意义。本文采用定性和定量分析、理论与实证相结合的方法，以国际贸易投资一体化理论为支撑，对中国对美贸易与中国在美投资的关系进行研究。文章的研究路线是：现状分析—理论预测—实证检验—对策建议，首先分别分析中国对美的贸易和投资现状，从贸易依存度的角度说明中国在中美贸易中处于被动地位，这一现状显然不利于中国经济的长期可持续发展；从投资强度的角度说明中国在美投资不充分，具有很大的发展空间，可以为经济发展提供新的道路。其次从理论和实证方面对中国对美贸易和投资的关系进行分析和检验。最后对制约中国在美投资的政治、法律、金融和管理等因素进行分析，，并在此基础上提出相应的对策措施。本文得出的结论是：在长期中，中国对美出口与中国在美直接投资互为因果关系，二者相互促进，共同增长。但是中国从美进口与中国在美直接投资之间不是互为因果的关系，只有中国在美直接投资的扩大能够促进中国从美进口的单方面因果关系。因此，通过扩大在美投资可以带动中国对外贸易的进一步发展，同时还可以缓解中美之间的贸易摩擦。为了应对和消除各种消极因素，政府和企业都要积极采取措施，创造良好的投资环境，做好战略规划和政策保障，有针对性地对各种缺陷进行完善，从而扩大中国在美投资，进一步刺激经济增长，实现经济的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the integration of trade and investment, its impact on the world economy is also deepening. China and the United States are the two most representative economies in the world economy. The coordinated development of their international trade and investment is of great importance to both of them. As far as China is concerned, the steady growth of international trade is the primary reason for its rapid economic development and the most important part of its economic policy. However, after a period of rapid growth, the development of China's trade with the United States has encountered many obstacles, which to a large extent has restricted the progress of China's economic development. On the other hand, China's international direct investment starts late and develops slowly, and its direct investment in the United States is still below the normal international level. Therefore, the expansion of Chinese investment in the United States and foreign direct investment in general can stimulate China's economic growth in the context of the world economic downturn, and become another way for China's sustainable economic development. For this purpose, it is of great practical significance to explore the relationship between China's trade with the United States and its investment in the United States to guide China's economic practice in the future. This paper studies the relationship between China's trade with the United States and China's investment in the United States by means of qualitative and quantitative analysis, theory and demonstration, supported by the theory of integration of international trade and investment. The research route of this paper is as follows: current situation analysis, theoretical prediction, empirical test, countermeasures and suggestions. Firstly, the paper analyzes the current situation of China's trade and investment with the United States, and explains that China is in a passive position in Sino-US trade from the angle of trade dependence. This situation is obviously not conducive to the long-term sustainable development of China's economy; From the angle of investment intensity, it shows that Chinese investment in the United States is not sufficient and has a great space for development, which can provide a new way for economic development. Secondly, the relationship between China's trade and investment with the United States is analyzed and tested theoretically and empirically. Finally, it analyzes the political, legal, financial and management factors that restrict China's investment in the United States, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. The conclusion is: in the long run, China's exports to the United States and China's direct investment in the United States are causality, the two promote each other and grow together. However, the relationship between China's imports from the United States and China's direct investment in the United States is not mutually causal. Only the expansion of Chinese direct investment in the United States can promote the unilateral causal relationship between China's imports from the United States and China's direct investment in the United States. Therefore, the expansion of investment in the United States can promote the further development of China's foreign trade and ease the trade friction between China and the United States. In order to deal with and eliminate all kinds of negative factors, the government and enterprises should actively take measures to create a good investment environment, do a good job of strategic planning and policy guarantees, and make targeted improvements to various defects, thereby expanding China's investment in the United States. Further stimulate economic growth to achieve sustainable economic development.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.7;F832.6

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