我国银行卡产业价格行为研究

发布时间：2019-01-04 12:42

【摘要】：欧美自20世纪50年代发行银行卡以来,经过50多年的发展,已经形成了相当成熟的银行卡产业。我国银行卡产业起步较晚,发展初期又受到国家较多的管制,进入21世纪后才得到全面快速的发展。银行卡产业现已初具规模,对银行的重要性也日益显著。银行卡产业基础的收费行为是刷卡手续费、年费、跨行取现费,其收费的合理与否关系到发卡银行、收单银行、持卡客户、特约商户和中国银联等各个参与主体的利益。从2004年持续到今天的银商之争,2006年对银行卡年费、跨行查询费的争议,到2013年刷卡手续费标准下调,其收费行为一直是人们关注的焦点。迄今为止,对银行卡产业收费问题的研究集中在刷卡手续费中的交换费上,针对交换费价格形成机制进行了相关研究。对我国现行的银行卡年费和跨行取现费的研究很少。本文首先阐述了双边市场、网络外部性理论和银行卡价格形成机制理论,分析了我国银行卡产业的收费现状,然后运用双边市场理论对我国现行刷卡手续费的合理性进行分析,结论是现行单一比例的刷卡手续费不合理,提出合理化其收费行为的关键对商户实行二级价格歧视,根据交易规模对商户刷卡手续费实行超额累退收费方式；运用博弈模型对收取年费行为的合理性进行了分析,结论是影响收取年费的关键因素是客户对价格的敏感度,因此,银行可以对客户实行三级价格歧视,高端客户对价格敏感度较小,可以收取年费,低端客户对价格敏感度较大,应免年费；运用网络外部性理论对跨行取现收费合理性进行分析,得出的结论是,收取跨行费使目前拥有优势的大型国有商业银行在未来的竞争中更具有竞争力,而对目前处于劣势的中小商业银行更不利。
[Abstract]:After more than 50 years of development, Europe and America have formed quite mature banking card industry since the issuance of bank cards in the 1950s. China's banking card industry started late and was regulated by the state at the initial stage of development. It was only after entering the 21st century that the bank card industry developed rapidly and comprehensively. Bank card industry is now taking shape, the importance of banks is also increasingly significant. The basic charging behavior of bank card industry is credit card fee, annual fee, inter-bank cash withdrawal fee. Whether the charge is reasonable or not is related to the interest of the card issuing bank, the receiving bank, the cardholder customer, the special merchant and the China UnionPay and so on. From 2004 to today, the controversy of bank card annual fee and cross-bank inquiry fee in 2006, and the downgrade of credit card fee standard in 2013, the behavior of bank card fee has always been the focus of attention. Up to now, the research on bank card industry charge is focused on the exchange fee in the charge of credit card, and the mechanism of the exchange fee price is studied. The current bank card annual fee and cross-bank withdrawal fee are seldom studied in China. This paper first expounds the bilateral market, the network externality theory and the bank card price formation mechanism theory, analyzes the current situation of the bank card industry charge in our country, then uses the bilateral market theory to analyze the rationality of the current credit card handling fee in our country. The conclusion is that the current single proportion of card charge is unreasonable, the key to rationalizing its charging behavior is to carry out second-level price discrimination against the merchant, and the excessive cumulative refund method is carried out on the basis of the scale of the transaction. The rationality of annual fee collection is analyzed by using the game model. The conclusion is that the key factor affecting the annual fee collection is the sensitivity of the customer to the price. Therefore, the bank can discriminate against the customer by three levels of price. High-end customers are less sensitive to prices, can charge annual fees, low-end customers are more sensitive to price, should be free of annual fees; By using network externality theory, the rationality of cross-bank withdrawal charges is analyzed. The conclusion is that collecting cross-bank fees makes large state-owned commercial banks with advantages more competitive in the future competition. And the current disadvantage of the small and medium-sized commercial banks are more disadvantageous.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.2

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