基于三阶段DEA模型的上市银行X-效率研究
发布时间：2019-03-16 14:30
【摘要】：上市银行资产规模庞大,是我国银行业的中坚力量,其经营效率的高低对整个银行业有重要影响。X-效率是企业管理水平的测度指标,对上市银行进行X-效率测度有重要意义。本文中x-效率是指除规模经济和范围经济以外的所有技术效率和配置效率的综合,故本文首先测度上市银行的配置效率和纯技术效率,然后对纯技术效率值进行环境变量和统计误差调整得到纯管理效率,从而得到最终的上市银行X-效率。 本文分别使用了三种方式对上市银行x-效率进行测度。首先是基于投入导向模型,对上市银行每一年分别进行效率值测度；其次,将不同年份的同一银行作为不同的决策单元,基于相同的效率前沿进行效率值测度；最后,基于产出导向模型,在三阶段DEA模型的第二阶段,根据环境变量和统计误差对上市银行产出项进行调整。三种方式x-效率测度值比较结果显示,第三种方式的测度值与银行人均利润、人均发放贷款的相关系数更高,更能准确反映上市银行的X-效率水平。测度结果显示,我国上市银行的成本效率、配置效率和技术效率及X-效率整体呈上升趋势。股份制商业银行、国有银行以及城市商业银行这三类上市银行中,城商行配置效率和x-效率相对较高,股份制商业银行的成本效率和技术效率,三类银行之间的差异逐渐缩小。市场份额、政策环境等外部环境对上市银行产生了差异化的影响,银行上市年限的长短对银行效率的影响不显著。 基于上市银行x-效率测度值,本文从银行治理视角、人力资源视角和技术创新视角寻找X-效率的影响因素。实证分析结果显示上市银行X-效率与银行人力资源质量有显著的正相关性,与管理层薪酬的相关性不显著且很小,上市银行应重视员工素质水平,完善企业管理层的激励机制。上市银行X-效率与企业内部薪酬差距比例、第一大股东持股比例均呈显著的负相关性,说明较大的薪酬差距一定程度上影响了员工的工作努力程度,第一大股东持股比例过高对上市银行存在一定不利影响。上市银行X-效率值与银行的非利息收入占比呈显著的负相关,或是因为长期以来我国银行业以信贷为主的收益模式。
[Abstract]:The large scale of assets of listed banks is the backbone of China's banking industry, and its operational efficiency has an important impact on the whole banking industry. X-efficiency is a measure of the level of enterprise management. It is of great significance to measure the X-efficiency of listed banks. In this paper, X-efficiency refers to the synthesis of all technical efficiency and allocation efficiency except economies of scale and economies of scope. Therefore, this paper first measures the allocation efficiency and pure technical efficiency of listed banks. Then the pure management efficiency is obtained by adjusting the environmental variables and statistical errors to the pure technical efficiency, and the final X-efficiency of the listed bank is obtained. This paper uses three ways to measure the x-efficiency of listed banks. The first is based on the input-oriented model to measure the efficiency of listed banks each year, secondly, the same bank in different years is regarded as different decision-making unit, and the efficiency value is measured based on the same efficiency frontier. Finally, based on the output-oriented model, in the second stage of the three-stage DEA model, the output items of listed banks are adjusted according to environmental variables and statistical errors. The comparison of the x-efficiency of the three ways shows that the X-efficiency of the listed bank can be accurately reflected by the correlation coefficient between the measurement value of the third way and the per capita profit of the bank, and the correlation coefficient of the per capita loan is higher than that of the other three modes. The measurement results show that the cost efficiency, allocation efficiency, technical efficiency and X-efficiency of listed banks in China are on the rise as a whole. Among the three kinds of listed banks: joint-stock commercial banks, state-owned banks and city commercial banks, the allocation efficiency and x-efficiency of urban commercial banks are relatively high, and the cost efficiency and technical efficiency of joint-stock commercial banks are relatively high. The differences among the three types of banks have gradually narrowed. The external environment, such as market share and policy environment, has a differential effect on the listed banks, and the length of the listed years of the banks has no significant effect on the efficiency of the banks. Based on the x-efficiency measurement value of listed banks, this paper tries to find out the influencing factors of X-efficiency from the perspective of bank governance, human resources and technological innovation. The results of empirical analysis show that the X-efficiency of listed banks has a significant positive correlation with the quality of human resources of banks, and the correlation between X-efficiency and management compensation is not significant and very small. Therefore, listed banks should attach importance to the level of staff quality. Perfect the incentive mechanism of enterprise management. The X-efficiency ratio of listed banks is negatively correlated with the ratio of compensation gap within the enterprise, and the proportion of the first largest shareholder is negatively correlated, which indicates that the greater pay gap has a certain impact on the level of employees' work effort. The proportion of the largest shareholders is too high to the listed banks have a certain adverse impact. The X-efficiency value of listed banks has a significant negative correlation with the ratio of non-interest income of banks, or because of the long-term credit-based income model in China's banking industry.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.33;F224
本文编号：2441555
[Abstract]:The large scale of assets of listed banks is the backbone of China's banking industry, and its operational efficiency has an important impact on the whole banking industry. X-efficiency is a measure of the level of enterprise management. It is of great significance to measure the X-efficiency of listed banks. In this paper, X-efficiency refers to the synthesis of all technical efficiency and allocation efficiency except economies of scale and economies of scope. Therefore, this paper first measures the allocation efficiency and pure technical efficiency of listed banks. Then the pure management efficiency is obtained by adjusting the environmental variables and statistical errors to the pure technical efficiency, and the final X-efficiency of the listed bank is obtained. This paper uses three ways to measure the x-efficiency of listed banks. The first is based on the input-oriented model to measure the efficiency of listed banks each year, secondly, the same bank in different years is regarded as different decision-making unit, and the efficiency value is measured based on the same efficiency frontier. Finally, based on the output-oriented model, in the second stage of the three-stage DEA model, the output items of listed banks are adjusted according to environmental variables and statistical errors. The comparison of the x-efficiency of the three ways shows that the X-efficiency of the listed bank can be accurately reflected by the correlation coefficient between the measurement value of the third way and the per capita profit of the bank, and the correlation coefficient of the per capita loan is higher than that of the other three modes. The measurement results show that the cost efficiency, allocation efficiency, technical efficiency and X-efficiency of listed banks in China are on the rise as a whole. Among the three kinds of listed banks: joint-stock commercial banks, state-owned banks and city commercial banks, the allocation efficiency and x-efficiency of urban commercial banks are relatively high, and the cost efficiency and technical efficiency of joint-stock commercial banks are relatively high. The differences among the three types of banks have gradually narrowed. The external environment, such as market share and policy environment, has a differential effect on the listed banks, and the length of the listed years of the banks has no significant effect on the efficiency of the banks. Based on the x-efficiency measurement value of listed banks, this paper tries to find out the influencing factors of X-efficiency from the perspective of bank governance, human resources and technological innovation. The results of empirical analysis show that the X-efficiency of listed banks has a significant positive correlation with the quality of human resources of banks, and the correlation between X-efficiency and management compensation is not significant and very small. Therefore, listed banks should attach importance to the level of staff quality. Perfect the incentive mechanism of enterprise management. The X-efficiency ratio of listed banks is negatively correlated with the ratio of compensation gap within the enterprise, and the proportion of the first largest shareholder is negatively correlated, which indicates that the greater pay gap has a certain impact on the level of employees' work effort. The proportion of the largest shareholders is too high to the listed banks have a certain adverse impact. The X-efficiency value of listed banks has a significant negative correlation with the ratio of non-interest income of banks, or because of the long-term credit-based income model in China's banking industry.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.33;F224
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