XX银行不良贷款处置研究

发布时间：2019-03-28 07:59

【摘要】：从二十世纪八十年代开始,包括美国、波兰、日本、韩国、印度尼西亚等在内的100多个国家都经历了不同程度的金融危机；2008年,美国爆发次级房贷危机,由美国次贷危机引起的华尔街风暴,迅速席卷全球并且愈演愈烈,已经演变为全球性的金融危机,严重影响了全球经济的健康发展,在世界范围内形成了巨额的银行不良贷款,导致了全球银行业的危机。从华尔街到全世界,从金融界到实体经济,各国政府都在面临着严重的经济危机,处置世界银行业的巨额不良资产,已经成为各国政府和银行面临的重大问题。国际金融危机当前仍处于“复苏趋势+不确定性”状态,我国经济发展也面临诸多风险和挑战,如通货膨胀预期增强,CPI指数居高不下等等,宏观经营环境及经济政策的不稳定性直接影响到xx银行信贷资产质量,使xx银行面临较大的资产下行压力；金融改革不断深化,资金脱媒、利率市场化等步伐加快,新资本协议正式实施,包括影子银行的增长等,都对中小商业银行的发展带来较大压力。因此研究不良贷款的处置方式及防范措施,具有现实意义。 XX银行成立之初承接了原城市信用社历史遗留3.1353亿元的不良贷款,加之前两届领导班子经营不善,以及内控及风险防控体系不健全、约束激励机制不完善、不良贷款清收力度不足、信贷人员合规意识淡薄、信息技术及创新能力欠佳等原因,在发展过程中又新增了近2亿元的不良贷款。2007年新一届领导班子上台后,通过寻求政府支持以及自身努力,积极采取多种处置措施,对历史遗留不良贷款进行集中处置并获得成效。但xx银行不良贷款处置方式仍存在手段单一、清收力度不足、未建立长效处置机制等问题,仍存在很大的改进空间。对比分析美国、日本和韩国不良资产处置方式,归纳其经验教训及其对我国的启示,结合实际工作经验,提出了xx银行处置和防范不良贷款的具体的、有针对性的措施,藉此提升Xx银行不良贷款处置水平和盈利能力。随着XX银行“区域经营,上市发展”长远战略的实施与推进,XX银行以合理、有效的方式处置和防范不良资产将是当务之急。XX银行是一家地方性商业银行,规模较小、管理理念和实践经验尚且不足,内控制度与风险防范体系亟需完善,专业化团队建设任务任重道远,信息技术支持与业务、产品创新能力有待加强,这些都是防范不良资产的基础方面,而且由于内控制度不完善与风险防控体系不健全造成的不良贷款屡屡见诸报端,从这些方面进行强化是XX银行处置和防范不良资产的有利保障。这些新举措的实施必将助推xx银行的顺利发展,也会为其他城市商业化的发展提供借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, more than 100 countries, including the United States, Poland, Japan, South Korea, Indonesia and so on, have experienced different degrees of financial crisis; In 2008, the subprime mortgage crisis broke out in the United States, and the Wall Street crisis caused by the US subprime mortgage crisis swept the world rapidly and intensified, which has evolved into a global financial crisis, which has seriously affected the healthy development of the global economy. In the world, the formation of large non-performing bank loans, leading to the global banking crisis. From Wall Street to the world, from the financial world to the real economy, governments are facing a serious economic crisis, the disposal of the world's large non-performing assets of the banking industry, has become a major problem for governments and banks. The international financial crisis is still in the state of "recovery trend uncertainty", and China's economic development is also faced with many risks and challenges, such as increased inflation expectations, high CPI index, and so on. The instability of macro-management environment and economic policy directly affects the quality of credit assets of xx banks, which makes xx banks face great downward pressure on assets. The deepening of financial reform, capital disintermediation, interest rate marketization and other steps, the formal implementation of the new capital agreement, including the growth of shadow banks, has brought greater pressure on the development of small and medium-sized commercial banks. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the disposal mode and preventive measures of non-performing loans. At the beginning of its establishment, the XX Bank undertook a non-performing loan of three hundred and thirteen million five hundred and twenty nine thousand nine hundred and ninety nine yuan left over from the history of the original city credit cooperatives, together with the poor management of the previous two leading bodies, as well as the imperfect internal control and risk prevention and control system, and the imperfect restraint and incentive mechanism. For reasons such as insufficient collection of non-performing loans, weak awareness of compliance among credit personnel, and poor information technology and innovation, nearly 200 million yuan of non-performing loans were added to the development process. After the new leadership came to power in 2007, Through seeking government support and its own efforts, actively take a variety of disposal measures to centrally dispose of historical non-performing loans and achieve results. However, there are still some problems in the disposal of non-performing loans in xx banks, such as single means, insufficient collection, no long-term disposal mechanism and so on, and there is still a lot of room for improvement. This paper compares and analyzes the disposal methods of non-performing assets in the United States, Japan and South Korea, sums up their experiences and lessons and their enlightenment to China, and puts forward specific and targeted measures for the disposal and prevention of non-performing loans by xx banks, combining with practical working experience. This will enhance the Xx Bank's non-performing loan disposal level and profitability. With the implementation and promotion of the long-term strategy of "Regional Operation, listing Development" of XX Bank, it is urgent for XX Bank to dispose and prevent non-performing assets in a reasonable and effective way. XX Bank is a local commercial bank with a relatively small scale. The management concept and practical experience are still insufficient, the internal control system and the risk prevention system need to be improved urgently, the task of professional team building is heavy, the information technology support and business, and the ability of product innovation need to be strengthened. These are the basic aspects of preventing non-performing assets, and the non-performing loans caused by the imperfect internal control system and the imperfect risk prevention and control system are frequently seen in the newspapers. From these aspects to strengthen is the XX bank disposal and prevention of non-performing assets favorable protection. The implementation of these new measures will promote the smooth development of xx Bank, and will also provide reference for the commercial development of other cities.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4

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