我国环保产业融资问题研究
发布时间：2019-05-30 02:19
【摘要】：当前,我国经济社会高速发展,城镇化进程加快,但随之带来的环境污染问题也日益严重。据统计,目前我国近三分之二的城市面临着“垃圾围城”的局面,超过二分之一的城市存在水资源短缺问题。此外,环境污染事故每年高达2000多次,且呈逐年上升趋势,己成为危害人类健康及社会安定的重要隐患,引起了政府的高度重视,并加大了对环境保护的投资力度。根据中国统计年鉴,“九五”期间我国环境保护投资总额约3600亿元,占GDP的0.91%；“十五”期间投资高达8400亿元,占GDP的1.18%；“十一五”期间全社会环保投资约为1.37万亿,占GDP的比重达1.6%。随着我国环保力度的不断增强,这一比重还会逐年上升。国务院下发的《国家环境保护“十二五”规划》预测至2015年我国环保投资需求约为3.4万亿元,然而目前的财政预算支出难以满足如此巨大的资金缺口,因此环保资金供求矛盾已成为制约我国环保产业发展的首要问题。解决环境保护的融资问题不仅关乎我国环保产业的未来走向,也是缓解政府财政压力的重要途径。 论文主要分为四部分,首先介绍了环保产业的相关概念和发展理论及项目融资的有关理论,在此基础上阐述了公共物品理论和外部性理论以此作为环保项目市场化融资的理论依据；其次从融资规模、融资渠道、资金利用结构等角度分析了我国目前环保产业的融资现状,在此基础上提出环保产业目前存在的问题如融资渠道狭窄、融资总量不足、资金利用结构不合理、资金利用效率低下等问题；再次提出了构建我国环保融资新体系的设想,主要从完善政府财政政策性融资、加快金融机构间接融资、多层次的资本市场融资、创新项目融资模式、鼓励其它融资方式等方面入手,重点介绍了环保产业的财政政策性融资体系、环保产业的间接融资渠道和直接融资渠道,其中财政政策性融资体系主要包括完善的财税政策、加大国债支持力度、加快国有资产变现及建立政策性环保服务体系等几个方面；最后针对目前我国环保产业存在的问题提出了建设性意见,以促进我国环保产业的进一步发展,其中第二部分和第三部分是本文的写作重点。 本文的创新之处在于运用经济学相关原理,对我国目前环保产业的融资现状及存在的问题进行了全面、系统分析,在借鉴国外成功经验的基础上,提出了构建环保产业融资新体系的设想,主要包括环保产业财政政策性融资、环保产业的间接融资和直接融资、环保产业项目融资等方面。此外,本文还对各种融资方式及渠道进行了分析比对,最终认为市场化手段是解决目前我国环保产业融资困境的重要途径。论文对环保产业融资问题研究及各种融资方式的分析比较部分缺乏相关定量分析,说服力不强。与此同时,本文主要局限于理论层面的分析上,在科学性和可操作性方面尚存在欠缺。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. According to statistics, nearly 2/3 of the cities in China are facing the situation of "garbage besieging", and more than 1/2 of the cities have the problem of shortage of water resources. In addition, environmental pollution accidents are as high as 2000 times a year, and show an upward trend year by year, which has become an important hidden danger that endangers human health and social stability, has aroused great attention by the government, and increased investment in environmental protection. According to the Statistical Yearbook of China, the total investment in environmental protection in China during the Ninth five-year Plan period was about 360 billion yuan, accounting for 0.91% of GDP, and the investment during the 10th five-year Plan period was as high as 840 billion yuan, accounting for 1.18% of GDP. During the Eleventh five-year Plan period, the investment in environmental protection of the whole society was about 1.37 trillion, accounting for 1.6% of GDP. With the continuous enhancement of environmental protection in China, this proportion will rise year by year. The 12th five-year Plan for National Environmental Protection issued by the State Council forecasts that China's investment demand for environmental protection will be about 3.4 trillion yuan by 2015. However, the current budget expenditure is difficult to meet such a huge funding gap. Therefore, the contradiction between supply and demand of environmental protection funds has become the primary problem restricting the development of environmental protection industry in our country. Solving the financing problem of environmental protection is not only related to the future trend of environmental protection industry in China, but also an important way to alleviate the financial pressure of the government. The paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, it introduces the related concepts and development theories of environmental protection industry and the related theories of project financing. On this basis, this paper expounds the theory of public goods and externality as the theoretical basis of market-oriented financing of environmental protection projects. Secondly, from the perspective of financing scale, financing channels, capital utilization structure and so on, this paper analyzes the current financing situation of environmental protection industry in China, and on this basis, puts forward the existing problems of environmental protection industry, such as narrow financing channels and insufficient total amount of financing. The structure of fund utilization is unreasonable and the efficiency of fund utilization is low. This paper puts forward again the idea of constructing a new environmental protection financing system in China, mainly from perfecting the government financial policy financing, speeding up the indirect financing of financial institutions, multi-level capital market financing, and innovating the project financing mode. To encourage other financing methods, this paper focuses on the financial policy financing system of the environmental protection industry, the indirect financing channels and the direct financing channels of the environmental protection industry, in which the fiscal policy financing system mainly includes the perfect fiscal and tax policies. Strengthen the support of national debt, speed up the realization of state-owned assets and the establishment of policy environmental protection service system and so on; Finally, some constructive suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of China's environmental protection industry in order to promote the further development of China's environmental protection industry. The second part and the third part are the focus of this paper. The innovation of this paper lies in the comprehensive and systematic analysis of the current financing situation and existing problems of environmental protection industry in China by using the relevant principles of economics, and on the basis of drawing lessons from the successful experience of foreign countries. This paper puts forward the idea of constructing a new financing system of environmental protection industry, including financial policy financing of environmental protection industry, indirect financing and direct financing of environmental protection industry, project financing of environmental protection industry and so on. In addition, this paper also analyzes and compares all kinds of financing methods and channels, and finally holds that marketization is an important way to solve the financing predicament of environmental protection industry in our country at present. In this paper, the research on financing problems of environmental protection industry and the analysis and comparison of various financing methods are lack of quantitative analysis, which is not persuasive. At the same time, this paper is mainly limited to the theoretical analysis, there is still a lack of science and maneuverability.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X324;F832.4
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of economy and society and the acceleration of urbanization, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. According to statistics, nearly 2/3 of the cities in China are facing the situation of "garbage besieging", and more than 1/2 of the cities have the problem of shortage of water resources. In addition, environmental pollution accidents are as high as 2000 times a year, and show an upward trend year by year, which has become an important hidden danger that endangers human health and social stability, has aroused great attention by the government, and increased investment in environmental protection. According to the Statistical Yearbook of China, the total investment in environmental protection in China during the Ninth five-year Plan period was about 360 billion yuan, accounting for 0.91% of GDP, and the investment during the 10th five-year Plan period was as high as 840 billion yuan, accounting for 1.18% of GDP. During the Eleventh five-year Plan period, the investment in environmental protection of the whole society was about 1.37 trillion, accounting for 1.6% of GDP. With the continuous enhancement of environmental protection in China, this proportion will rise year by year. The 12th five-year Plan for National Environmental Protection issued by the State Council forecasts that China's investment demand for environmental protection will be about 3.4 trillion yuan by 2015. However, the current budget expenditure is difficult to meet such a huge funding gap. Therefore, the contradiction between supply and demand of environmental protection funds has become the primary problem restricting the development of environmental protection industry in our country. Solving the financing problem of environmental protection is not only related to the future trend of environmental protection industry in China, but also an important way to alleviate the financial pressure of the government. The paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, it introduces the related concepts and development theories of environmental protection industry and the related theories of project financing. On this basis, this paper expounds the theory of public goods and externality as the theoretical basis of market-oriented financing of environmental protection projects. Secondly, from the perspective of financing scale, financing channels, capital utilization structure and so on, this paper analyzes the current financing situation of environmental protection industry in China, and on this basis, puts forward the existing problems of environmental protection industry, such as narrow financing channels and insufficient total amount of financing. The structure of fund utilization is unreasonable and the efficiency of fund utilization is low. This paper puts forward again the idea of constructing a new environmental protection financing system in China, mainly from perfecting the government financial policy financing, speeding up the indirect financing of financial institutions, multi-level capital market financing, and innovating the project financing mode. To encourage other financing methods, this paper focuses on the financial policy financing system of the environmental protection industry, the indirect financing channels and the direct financing channels of the environmental protection industry, in which the fiscal policy financing system mainly includes the perfect fiscal and tax policies. Strengthen the support of national debt, speed up the realization of state-owned assets and the establishment of policy environmental protection service system and so on; Finally, some constructive suggestions are put forward to promote the further development of China's environmental protection industry in order to promote the further development of China's environmental protection industry. The second part and the third part are the focus of this paper. The innovation of this paper lies in the comprehensive and systematic analysis of the current financing situation and existing problems of environmental protection industry in China by using the relevant principles of economics, and on the basis of drawing lessons from the successful experience of foreign countries. This paper puts forward the idea of constructing a new financing system of environmental protection industry, including financial policy financing of environmental protection industry, indirect financing and direct financing of environmental protection industry, project financing of environmental protection industry and so on. In addition, this paper also analyzes and compares all kinds of financing methods and channels, and finally holds that marketization is an important way to solve the financing predicament of environmental protection industry in our country at present. In this paper, the research on financing problems of environmental protection industry and the analysis and comparison of various financing methods are lack of quantitative analysis, which is not persuasive. At the same time, this paper is mainly limited to the theoretical analysis, there is still a lack of science and maneuverability.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X324;F832.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 李东卫;;循环经济发展与银行信贷支持[J];节能与环保;2010年06期
2 王金南;李p栽，
本文编号：2488431
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