我国牧草种植成本收益变化与比较

发布时间：2018-01-04 22:18

本文关键词：我国牧草种植成本收益变化与比较　出处：《草业科学》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本研究以牧草种植户牧草及粮食作物的调研数据为基础,计算出2010-2014年主要牧草和粮食作物的成本收益基本信息,对其变化进行统计分析,并对各作物的成本收益进行比较。分析发现,2014年苜蓿(Medicago sativa)的经济效益有所下降;黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和青贮玉米(Zea mays)的纯收益和收益率有所增长;苜蓿的纯收益和收益率要高于黑麦草和青贮玉米;马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)和苜蓿的经济效益更具优势,种植小麦(Triticum aestivum)经济效益较差;黑麦草和青贮玉米人工和土地成本更高,苜蓿水电费最高。建议调整农业产业结构,推行"粮+经+饲+草"四元种植结构,全面扶持牧草产业发展,建立健全牧草生产资料补贴制度。
[Abstract]:The survey data on the forage growers forage and grain crops as the basis, calculate the cost income basic information of 2010-2014 are mainly for grain and forage crops, statistical analysis of their changes, and the benefits and costs of each crop were compared. The analysis found that, in 2014 of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) the economic decline; ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and silage maize (Zea mays) the net income and income growth rate; net income and alfalfa yields than ryegrass and maize silage; potato (Solanum tuberosum) and alfalfa economic advantages, planting wheat (Triticum aestivum) with poor economic benefit; ryegrass and maize silage labor and land costs higher, alfalfa utilities highest. Suggestions to adjust the agricultural structure, the implementation of the "grain + + + grass fed by four yuan to support the planting structure, comprehensive forage industry development, the establishment of health The subsidy system for the data of the whole herbage production.

【作者单位】：中国农业大学经济管理学院;中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所;
【基金】：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-35-22) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-IAED-2016-01)
【分类号】：F326.12;F302.6
【正文快照】： 牧草产业是我国农业发展的重要组成部分,也是草食畜牧业发展的“第一车间”。20世纪90年代以来,我国牧草产业在国家西部大开发、退耕还草、退牧还草政策支持下,取得了较快发展[1]。截至目前,我国牧草产业凭借其后发优势和资源优势,已形成较为完善的产业链条和空间结构布局[2-3

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