农户家庭养蜂生产成本收益分析

发布时间：2019-08-12 14:02

【摘要】：根据2009—2012年全国600多户蜂农的实地调研数据,运用成本收益法研究了农户家庭养蜂生产的成本收益构成与变动趋势,并对农户不同生产方式下的养蜂生产成本收益情况进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)从平均水平上看,蜂饲料、人工费用与转地放蜂的运输费用是构成养蜂生产成本的主要部分,养蜂生产成本逐年增加,饲料糖成本的快速上涨是导致生产成本上升的主要原因。(2)蜂农养蜂收益的主要来源是蜂产品,蜜蜂授粉收入被严重忽视。(3)不同放蜂方式所对应的成本收益存在明显差异,养蜂业表现出了规模经济效应,饲养中蜂与意蜂品种对应的成本与收益存在显著不同,但成本收益率却相差不大。对此提出了促进蜜蜂授粉、研发养蜂生产新技术、探索养蜂生产保险实施办法、净化规范蜂产品市场秩序、出台养蜂业支持政策等对策建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the field investigation data of more than 600 bee farmers in China from 2009 to 2012, the cost-benefit composition and changing trend of household beekeeping production were studied by using cost-benefit method, and the cost-benefit situation of beekeeping production under different modes of production was compared and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) on average, bee feed, labor cost and transportation cost of beekeeping were the main parts of beekeeping production cost, and the production cost of beekeeping increased year by year, and the rapid increase of feed sugar cost was the main reason for the increase of production cost. (2) the main source of beekeeping income was bee products. The income of bee pollination is seriously ignored. (3) the cost and benefit corresponding to different beekeeping methods are obviously different, the beekeeping industry shows the economies of scale effect, and the corresponding cost and benefit of bee and Italian bee varieties are significantly different, but the cost and return rate is not much different. In view of this, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, such as promoting bee pollination, developing new technology of beekeeping production, exploring the implementation method of beekeeping production insurance, purifying and standardizing the market order of bee products, and issuing the supporting policy of beekeeping industry.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所;河南财经政法大学农经系;
【基金】：国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-45-KXJ20)
【分类号】：F326.3;F302.6

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