广东某水厂水处理系统生产效能诊断研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 05:33

本文关键词：广东某水厂水处理系统生产效能诊断研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水环境的不断恶化和水资源的持续短缺是我国城市供水行业面临的主要问题。这无疑对城市净水厂供水水质的提高增加了难度，部分城市由于水资源短缺甚至影响了正常的生活用水，而供水水源的污染增加了净水厂的供水处理难度。我国城市供水行业的远期规划应以提高供水质量、改善供水服务、优化供水成本和保障供水安全为总体目标。因此部分水厂原有的混凝、沉淀、过滤、消毒等常规净水处理工艺都面临着升级改造的需要，我们需要对净水厂水处理系统做出整体的生产效能评价，使其在水质达标的前提下尽量节省能耗控制生产运行成本。而如何处理排泥水对于现代化的水厂显得尤为重要，我国近年来一些新建的净水厂都采用了排泥水处理系统，净水厂常规水处理工艺产生的生产废水主要包括沉淀池或澄清池的排泥水以及滤池反冲洗水，约占水厂总处理水量的4%~7%，生产废水若能回用在节省水资源、降低水源污染的同时经济效益也会有所提高。本课题主要研究内容为对采用生产废水回用工艺的广东省DW水厂水处理系统进行生产效能诊断研究，通过对DW水厂的设计资料和全年低浊度期、中浊度期和高浊度期的生产运行数据研究分析后对水厂的水质净化常规水处理工艺和生产废水回用工艺做出效能评价并根据试验研究对各工艺单元提出相应改进建议以提高水处理效能，最终建立城市净水厂水处理系统生产效能诊断模式并得出以下结论： DW水厂每日24h不同时段内处理水量差异较为明显，表明清水池调节能力严重不足，水厂的抗水量冲击负荷能力较差，应充分发挥清水池的水量调节能力，保证水厂运行工况稳定。水厂折板絮凝池和平流沉淀池运行过程中排泥不完全无效排泥现象较为严重，V型滤池反冲洗效果不良有待改善，通过优化絮凝池的排泥时间和沉淀池排泥机的运行方式，排泥过程可以有效进行的同时水资源也得到节约，与此同时通过改进滤池反冲洗时间的分配设置，增加滤池气冲时间，减小滤池水洗时间，不仅改善滤池的反冲洗效果，也达到了节约水资源的目的，最终在确保出厂水水质的前提下各工艺单元的水处理效能都得以提高。原水浊度不同时，生产废水回用后的节水量有所不同，，低浊度期生产废水回流量为1400m3/d~2100m3/d，回流比为1.34%~2.01%。中浊度期生产废水回流量为2800m3/d~4200m3/d，回流比为2.53%~3.80%。高浊度期生产废水回流量为3500m3/d~4900m3/d，回流比为3.11%~4.35%。生产废水回流之后对于主体水质净化工艺水质方面的影响主要表现为沉后水和滤后水的总固体数值相较于生产废水没有回流时而言随着生产废水回流而开始逐渐升高，滤后水的氨氮数值相较于生产废水没有回流时同样有所提高。 DW水厂常规水处理工艺各单元通过改进后生产废水量由改进前的149.65万m3/a减少为改进后的118.83万m3/a，减少幅度达20.59%，常规工艺改进之后节省费用达6.762万元/a。生产废水回流之后节省费用共计11.8589万元/a，而其中生产废水回用为水厂节省水资源费用高达18.18万元/a。DW水厂2013年全年运行费用中水资源费用、电费以及药剂消耗费用共计2663.63万元，其中电费占据了全年57%的费用比例。水厂在低浊度期、中浊度期、高浊度期三种运行工况下水资源费用、电费以及药剂消耗费用分别总计使用2396.96万元、174.04万元、92.63万元。
[Abstract]:The continuous shortage of deteriorating water environment and water resources are the main problems of China's city water supply industry. This will undoubtedly increase the quality of city water supply net increased difficulty, part of the city due to the shortage of water resources and even affect the normal life of water, water and water pollution increase water treatment difficulty of waterworks. The long-term planning of our country city water supply industry should be to improve the quality of water, improve water supply services, optimize the water supply cost and ensure the safety of water supply for the overall goal.
Therefore, the original part of the water coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection and other conventional water treatment process are faced with the need to upgrade the production efficiency, we need to make the overall evaluation of the net water treatment system, the water quality standards under the premise to save energy cost. And how to control the operation for the treatment of sludge water modern water is particularly important in China in recent years, some new waterworks are used in sludge water treatment system, production wastewater purification plant to conventional water treatment process including sedimentation tank or clarifier sludge and filter backwash water, the total sewage water accounted for about 4%~7%, if can return to production wastewater to save water resources, reduce water pollution and economic benefits will be improved.
The main content of this article is to study the production efficiency of the diagnosis of wastewater reuse technology in Guangdong province DW water treatment system, through the DW plant design information and the low turbidity, the turbidity and high turbidity during production operation data of water quality of water purification and conventional water treatment process production wastewater reuse technology make effectiveness evaluation according to the test of each process unit puts forward the corresponding improvement proposals to improve the water treatment efficiency, finally establish the city waterworks water treatment system and production efficiency diagnosis mode reaches a conclusion:
DW water daily 24h in different time of water treatment are significant difference, show that the clean water tank adjustment ability of serious shortage of water, anti impact load capacity is poor, should give full play to the clear water tank water regulating capability, ensure stable running condition of water. Water flocculating sedimentation tank and operation process of mud mud is not completely ineffective the phenomenon is more serious, V type filter backwash effect side needs to be improved, operation time and through the mud sedimentation tank sludge machine optimization of flocculation tank, sludge process can be effectively carried out at the same time also to save water resources, at the same time through the improved allocation of backwash time settings, increase air filter time decreased filter washing time, not only improve the filter backwash effect, also reached the aim of saving water resource, finally in the premise to ensure the water quality of each process unit The efficiency of water treatment has been improved.
Turbidity is not at the same time, the production of wastewater reuse after using different quantity of water saving, wastewater reuse rate of 1400m3/d~2100m3/d low turbidity period production, reflux ratio of return flow rate in 1.34%~2.01%. turbidity production wastewater was 2800m3/d~4200m3/d period, the reflux ratio is 2.53%~3.80%. high turbidity production waste water flow is 3500m3/d~4900m3/d, reflux ratio for 3.11%~4.35%. wastewater for reflux the main water purification process of water quality influence mainly for numerical precipitation after total solid water and filtered water compared to the production wastewater of no return time and return with wastewater increased gradually, filtered water compared with numerical ammonia production wastewater without reflux also increased.
DW in conventional water treatment process of each unit through the improved production wastewater decreased from 1 million 496 thousand and 500 m3/a before improvement is the improved 1 million 188 thousand and 300 m3/a, reduce the rate of 20.59%, after the conventional process improvement cost savings of up to 67 thousand and 620 yuan /a. wastewater after the return of saving the total cost of 118 thousand and 589 yuan /a, and the production of wastewater reuse for the water to save water the water resource fee of up to 181 thousand and 800 yuan /a.DW water resources 2013 annual operating costs and electricity costs, pharmaceutical consumption totaled 26 million 636 thousand and 300 yuan, of which electricity accounted for 57% of the annual cost ratio. In low turbidity water, turbidity, high turbidity period in three kinds of operating conditions of water resources and electricity costs, pharmaceutical consumption total use respectively 23 million 969 thousand and 600 yuan, 1 million 740 thousand and 400 yuan, 926 thousand and 300 yuan.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU991.2

【参考文献】