夏热冬冷地区典型住宅采暖方式研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 03:07

本文关键词：夏热冬冷地区典型住宅采暖方式研究　出处：《南华大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展和人民生活品质的不断提升，夏热冬冷地区的采暖面积和采暖能耗呈现了从无到有、成倍增长的趋势。为改善冬季室内热环境及提高热舒适性，如何在不同的采暖方式中，选择合适的采暖方式，是我国建筑节能领域亟待解决的一个重要问题。本文以夏热冬冷地区典型住宅采暖方式为研究对象，从热舒适性、经济性和适用性三个方面进行研究，分析四种不同采暖方式的特点，以提高采暖方式选择的科学性。主要内容及成果如下：（1）针对夏热冬冷地区某城市同一住宅，建立四种采暖方式的建筑模型，分别模拟其室内速度场和温度场。并基于多种热环境变量，对室内热环境进行研究。得出地板辐射采暖和辐射型地板嵌入散热器采暖能够满足室内热环境要求，而普通散热器采暖、壁挂式空调采暖的室内工作温度分别比其低1.5~3℃、1.5~4.5℃，不能满足热环境要求。（2）利用PMV-PPD评价指标，对四种采暖方式下人体的热舒适性予以对比分析。地板辐射采暖（PPD≤8.2%）的热舒适性最高，而辐射型地板嵌入散热器采暖（PPD≤8.3%）、普通散热器采暖（10%≤PPD≤15%）、壁挂式空调采暖（27%≤PPD≤40%）的热舒适性依次降低，其中前两者能解决冬季足部寒冷问题。（3）分析同一住宅四种采暖系统的初投资。研究表明，壁挂式空调采暖的初投资最低，辐射型地板嵌入散热器采暖、地板辐射采暖、普通散热器采暖等的初投资将分别增加168%、126%、117%。（4）以寿命周期成本作为经济性评价指标，投资期限按四种采暖设备中最长使用寿命20年进行计算，不足20年则按几次投入成本计算，分析四种采暖方式的寿命周期成本。结果表明，辐射型地板嵌入散热器采暖的寿命周期成本最高，相应地采用地板辐射、普通散热器、壁挂式空调方式可分别降低11%、15%、49%。（5）就四种采暖方式，，对其经济性与热舒适性进行定量分析，并对其热源形式、节能环保性和运行维护等方面进行定性分析，研究其适用性。得出地板辐射采暖适合于连续使用或对热舒适性要求较高的家庭，不适合于上班族和家具覆盖地板面积较大的房间。壁挂式空调采暖适合于低收入家庭，不适合于冬季室外气温通常低于-5℃的环境，或对噪声、空气清洁度控制严格或油烟较重的房间。普通散热器采暖适合于外围护结构保温性能较差或冷风渗透较大的住宅，不适合层高较高的住宅。辐射型地板嵌入散热器采暖对热舒适性要求较高家庭和上班族均适合，但对低收入家庭不适合。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and continuously enhance people's living quality, hot summer and cold winter heating area and heating energy consumption is from exponentially growing trend. In order to improve the indoor thermal environment in winter and improve thermal comfort, how the different heating methods, select the appropriate heating mode, is one of the most important problem to be solved in the field of building energy efficiency in our country.
Taking the typical residential heating mode in hot summer and cold winter area as the research object, this paper studies the three aspects of thermal comfort, economy and applicability, analyzes the characteristics of four different heating modes, so as to improve the scientificalness of heating mode selection. The main contents and achievements are as follows:
(1) for a city in hot summer and cold winter area with a residential building model of four kinds of heating methods, respectively, to simulate the indoor velocity field and temperature field and thermal environment. Based on a variety of variables, research on indoor thermal environment. The radiant floor heating and radiant floor heating embedded heat exchanger can meet indoor heat the environmental requirements, and common radiator heating, indoor temperature of wall mounted air conditioning heating respectively, which is lower than 1.5~3 DEG C, 1.5~4.5 C, thermal environment can not meet the requirements.
(2) the use of PMV-PPD evaluation index, on the human thermal comfort under four kinds of heating methods are compared. Analysis of radiant floor heating (PPD = 8.2%) the highest thermal comfort, and embedded in the floor radiation heating radiator (PPD = 8.3%), common radiator heating (PPD = 10% ~ 15%), wall mounted air conditioner heating (PPD = 27% ~ 40%) in order to reduce the thermal comfort, the former two can solve the winter cold feet.
(3) analyze the initial investment of four heating systems in the same residential area. The research shows that the initial investment of wall mounted air conditioning heating is the lowest, and the initial investment of radiant floor heating, radiant floor heating and ordinary radiator heating will increase by 168%, 126%, 117%. respectively.
(4) to the life cycle cost as economic evaluation index, the investment period according to four kinds of heating equipment in the long service life of 20 years calculated, less than 20 years, according to several times the cost calculation, life cycle cost analysis of four kinds of heating methods. The results show that the radiation type floor heating radiator embedded in the life cycle the highest cost, accordingly the floor radiation, ordinary radiator, air conditioning type wall can be reduced by 11%, respectively, 15%, 49%.
(5) four kinds of heating methods, the economy and the thermal comfort of quantitative analysis, and the heat source, energy saving and environmental protection and operation and maintenance and other aspects of qualitative analysis, research on its applicability. The radiant floor heating system is suitable for continuous use or the thermal comfort requirements of the higher family, not suitable for to the furniture workers and covering large area floor. Wall mounted air conditioning heating is suitable for low income families, not suitable for the winter outdoor temperature is usually lower than -5 DEG C, or on the noise, the strict control of air cleanliness or fumes heavier room. Common radiator heating is suitable for building envelope insulation performance is poor or cold. Penetration of the larger house, not suitable for high storey residential. Radiation type heating radiator embedded in the floor are suitable for the thermal comfort requirements of higher household and office workers, but not for low income households.

【学位授予单位】：南华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU832

【参考文献】