湖南省城镇空间时空压缩特征及其可视化表达——基于时空图分析模型

发布时间：2018-01-14 03:18

本文关键词：湖南省城镇空间时空压缩特征及其可视化表达——基于时空图分析模型　出处：《地理科学进展》2014年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文构建了一个基于"时间-空间图(Time-Space Map)"的技术方法模型,用于分析交通网络建设给地理空间带来的时空压缩效应。现有基于可达性评价模型的"空间格局分析法"只能描述网络整体效率变化,而"等时圈分析法"局限于节点分析,两者都无法完整展现区域时空压缩。本文集成了网络大数据抓取技术、统计分析技术和可视化技术,通过绘制"时空图"实现区域时空压缩的可视化。首先,该方法利用网络大数据抓取技术,通过网络地图路径导航服务获取距离数据矩阵;然后,运用多尺度分析方法(Multidimensional Scaling),用通行时间(距离)取代欧氏距离计算求得最佳拟合空间,并对拟合误差进行估算和检验。最后,将拟合空间与地理空间在三维空间中叠加,观察和分析拟合空间的拉伸、延展、扭曲效果,总结区域时空压缩整体特点。在此基础上,以湖南省为案例绘制出了各地县级城市在现状公路网联系下的通行距离和通行时间时空图。研究验证了时空图在区域时空压缩格局可视化上的有效性和直观性,并在解读时空图集聚、偏移和皱起的基础上,提出改善省内公路网络可达性均衡的政策建议。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a technical method model based on "Time-Space Map" is constructed. The spatial pattern analysis method based on reachability evaluation model can only describe the change of the overall efficiency of the network. The "isochronous analysis" is limited to node analysis, both of which can not fully show the regional space-time compression. This paper integrates the network big data capture technology, statistical analysis technology and visualization technology. The visualization of regional space-time compression is realized by drawing "spatio-temporal map". Firstly, the method acquires the distance data matrix through the network map path navigation service by using the network big data capture technology. Then, the multidimensional scaling method is used to calculate the best fitting space by replacing the Euclidean distance with the passage time (distance). And the fitting error is estimated and tested. Finally, the fitting space and geographical space are superimposed in the three-dimensional space, and the stretching, extending and distorting effect of the fitting space are observed and analyzed. Summing up the overall characteristics of regional space-time compression. On this basis. Taking Hunan province as an example, the author draws the space-time map of the distance and time of the county-level cities under the current highway network connection. The study verifies the validity and intuitiveness of the spatio-temporal map in the visualization of the regional space-time compression pattern. On the basis of analyzing the agglomeration, migration and wrinkle of spatiotemporal maps, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the reachability equilibrium of highway network in the province.
【作者单位】：湖南大学建筑学院城乡规划系;
【基金】：国家教育部博士点基金项目(20130161120047) 留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(20141685) 湖南大学青年教师成长计划项目(2012-075)
【分类号】：TU982.2
【正文快照】： 1引言交通网络建设使得空间上各点之间“通行距离”和“通行时间”缩短,区域空间沿交通线路出现各个方向不均匀的“时空压缩”。时空压缩可以改变区位条件、拓展腹地范围和加强空间联系,是影响城镇和区域发展的重要地理因素。因此,如何准确度量和分析交通设施建设给地理空间带

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