美国历史环境“事前保护”理念与实践探析

发布时间：2018-04-03 23:39

本文选题：历史环境　切入点：“事前保护”　出处：《天津大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：历史环境保护,对构建国民的社会归属感,增强民族自豪感,激发爱国热情,延续建筑的历史风格,促进社会经济可持续发展等多方面具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。然而在历史环境保护工作中,保证历史环境的存在权,是探索历史环境保护和再利用具体措施的前提条件。在我国现阶段,国民的历史环境保护观念还很淡薄,当历史环境保护同社会经济发展看似矛盾时,常以牺牲历史环境为代价,导致历史环境的消失现象十分严重。相比之下,美国在其历史环境保护工作中,尤其在处理历史环境保护同社会经济发展矛盾方面有众多成功经验。研究他们的成功经验,对解决我国现阶段“如何才能保证历史环境的存在,使其不因经济发展和社会进步而消失在历史中”具有重要意义。本文采用文献资料分析、实地访谈、案例分析以及比较分析等研究方法,结合我国历史环境“事前保护”中存在的问题,首先从价值观角度对美国历史环境保护基本概念以及发展历程进行了探讨,揭示了美国历史环境保护的真正动因;之后深入细致的研究了美国历史环境保护在解决历史环境“存”问题方面的成功经验和具体实践过程,对美国历史环境“事前保护”方面的法律保障、注册登录、测绘建档、专业人才培养和大众普及教育、经济刺激、地役权和上空开发权等内容做了重点阐述,并从如何促进城市可持续发展,延续城市历史特色,促进城市复兴方面入手,针对大城市高容积率区域以及中小城市历史环境分散区域的历史环境保护,对美国纽约市和夏洛茨维尔市的历史环境“事前保护”工作进行了城市案例分析,为我国更好的进行历史环境保护提供有益的借鉴和启示。本论文主要由四部分组成,第一部分为绪论,在对我国历史环境保护工作的现状进行分析和研究的基础上,找出借鉴美国经验的切入点。第二部分为第一到二章,包括美国历史环境保护发展历程的总体概述、美国历史环境保护的内在动因探究。第三部分为第三到六章,分别针对我国“事前保护”工作所面对的问题,对美国历史环境“事前保护”的相关手段结合具体案例进行论述和研究。第四部分为结论和展望部分,在总结现阶段研究成果的基础上提出对下一阶段历史环境“事前保护”研究的构想。
[Abstract]:The protection of historical environment is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance to the construction of the national sense of social belonging, the enhancement of national pride, the stimulation of patriotic enthusiasm, the continuation of the historical style of architecture, and the promotion of the sustainable development of social economy.However, in the protection of historical environment, ensuring the existence of historical environment is a prerequisite for exploring the protection and reuse of historical environment.At the present stage of our country, the concept of national historical environment protection is still very weak. When the historical environment protection and the social economic development seem contradictory, the historical environment is often destroyed at the expense of the historical environment, which leads to the disappearance of the historical environment is very serious.In contrast, the United States has many successful experiences in its historical environmental protection work, especially in dealing with contradictions between historical environmental protection and social and economic development.It is of great significance to study their successful experience to solve the problem of "how to ensure the existence of historical environment and prevent it from disappearing in history because of economic development and social progress".This paper adopts the methods of literature analysis, field interview, case analysis and comparative analysis, combined with the problems existing in the "prior protection" of China's historical environment.Firstly, this paper discusses the basic concept and development course of American historical environmental protection from the perspective of values, and reveals the real motivation of American historical environmental protection.After that, the successful experience and concrete practical process of American historical environment protection in solving the problem of "existence" of historical environment are deeply and meticulously studied, and the legal protection, registration, mapping and archiving of the "prior protection" of American historical environment are also studied.The training of professional talents and popularizing education, economic stimulation, easement and development right over the sky are emphasized, and how to promote the sustainable development of the city, the continuation of the historical characteristics of the city, and the promotion of the city rejuvenation are discussed.In view of the historical environment protection of large cities with high volume rate and small and medium-sized cities with scattered historical environment, this paper makes a case study of "prior protection" of historical environment in New York City and Charlottesville, USA.For our country better carries on the historical environment protection to provide the beneficial reference and the enlightenment.This paper is composed of four parts. The first part is the introduction. On the basis of analyzing and studying the present situation of our country's historical environmental protection, we find out the breakthrough point of drawing lessons from the American experience.The second part is the first to second chapters, including the overall overview of the development of historical environmental protection in the United States, and the internal causes of historical environmental protection in the United States.The third part is the third to the sixth chapters, respectively, in view of our country "beforehand protection" work faces the question, carries on the elaboration and the research to the American historical environment "beforehand protection" the related means unifies the concrete case.The fourth part is the conclusion and prospect part, on the basis of summing up the present research results, the author puts forward the conception of "prior protection" of the historical environment in the next stage.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.114

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