基于共享理念的完整街道设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 13:40

本文选题：街道　切入点：完整街道　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：街道对于每个城市居民来说,是一个熟悉又陌生的概念。所以熟悉,是因为我们生于斯,长于斯,从小到大的生活体验让街道成为我们生活的一部分；所以陌生,是因为当今的街道已经不再是从前的街道,车道上高速行驶的车辆使得街道行走变得不安全,原本在街道上熟悉的场景渐渐的转移到了更为安全的室内。现在,我们对街道的体验更多的是在高速行驶的车辆中获得。那么,到底我们需要什么样的街道?针对这个问题,国内外进行了长期的争论,有的学者认为街道的功能应该专门化,以提高交通的运行效率为主要目标,也有的学者提倡街道设计回归生活,要重点关注街道承担的生活职能。但实际上,城市中大多数的街道都具有复杂性和竞争性的特征,如果简单的将其纳入交通类或者生活类的街道中去,最终将导致街道功能的不完整。有鉴于此,本文借鉴街道共享的理念,建构了一种综合性、整体性的街道规划设计框架,充分考虑城市功能对街道设计的要求,以保证最终街道设计方案与城市交通系统或者城市用地布局具有相容性,符合城市运行的需求。有鉴于此,本文借鉴街道共享的理念,建构了一种综合性、整体性的街道规划设计框架首先,建构了基于城市交通通道功能与城市空间功能的双维度街道分类体系：其次,提出采用交通量观测以及公众参与调查的方法识别街道中不同类型活动人群的使用需求,用以判定街道问题的严重程度；最后,将城市整体性的要求与局部街道的特殊情况结合起来,建构了解决街道不同类型使用着空间需求矛盾的竞争性分配方法。全文包括六个部分：一为绪论,包括相关概念的解析、国内外相关研究综述以及研究方法与思路；二为城市街道完整功能分类模型的建构,包括对传统分类方法局限性的分析以及基于街道共享的矩阵分类方法建构；三为基于街道共享的完整街道评价体系建构,提出了交通与空间两个视角的评价指标体系,用以判定街道问题程度;四为基于街道共享的完整街道空间分配方法研究,在街道活动识别的基础上,采用折中三角形法分配街道的空间：五为实证研究,以拉萨市老城区及北京东路(朵森格路-林廓东路)街段为例进行了完整街道设计的尝试。文章最后对本文的结论进行了归纳,并指出创新点、局限性以及需要继续研究的部分。
[Abstract]:The street is a familiar and unfamiliar concept to every city resident.So familiar, because we were born here, brought up here, the experience of life from small to large makes the street become a part of our life, so strange, because the streets of today are no longer the streets of the past,High-speed traffic in the driveway makes the streets unsafe, and the familiar scenes on the streets gradually shift to safer rooms.Now, our experience of the streets is more of a high-speed vehicle.So, what kind of streets do we need?In response to this problem, there has been a long debate at home and abroad. Some scholars believe that the function of streets should be specialized, with the main goal of improving the efficiency of traffic, while others advocate street design to return to life.Attention should be focused on the living functions assumed by the streets.However, in fact, most of the streets in the city have the characteristics of complexity and competition. If they are simply included in the streets of traffic or life, the function of the streets will eventually be incomplete.In view of this, this paper draws lessons from the idea of street sharing, constructs a comprehensive and integrated street planning and design framework, and fully considers the requirements of urban function for street design.In order to ensure that the final street design plan and urban traffic system or urban land layout compatibility, meet the needs of urban operation.In view of this, this paper constructs a comprehensive and integrated street planning and design framework based on the idea of street sharing. Firstly, it constructs a two-dimensional street classification system based on the function of urban traffic passage and urban space.In order to judge the severity of the street problem, the method of traffic volume observation and public participation survey is proposed to identify the use needs of the different types of active people in the street.By combining the requirements of urban integrity with the special conditions of local streets, a competitive allocation method for different types of streets using spatial needs is constructed.The full text includes six parts: one is the introduction, including the analysis of related concepts, the summary of relevant research at home and abroad, and the research methods and ideas; the other is the construction of the complete functional classification model of urban streets.It includes the analysis of the limitations of traditional classification methods and the construction of matrix classification methods based on street sharing. Thirdly, the evaluation index system from traffic and space perspectives is proposed for the construction of a complete street evaluation system based on street sharing.To determine the degree of street problems; fourth, based on street sharing of the complete street space allocation method, on the basis of street activity identification, the use of compromise triangle method to allocate street space; five for empirical research,Taking Laocheng District of Lhasa City and the section of East Beijing Road (Dorseng-Lingu East Road) as examples, the complete street design is attempted.Finally, the conclusion of this paper is summarized, and the innovation points, limitations and parts that need to be further studied are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.1;U412.37

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