城市公园植物景观量化评价体系研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 10:47

本文选题：城市公园 + 植物景观　；参考：《南京农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究以景观生态学理论为基础,运用投影寻踪、聚类分析法建立了量化评价体系,并对南京市玄武湖公园、白鹭洲公园、下马坊公园和博爱园四个城市公园中12个样地内的植物景观进行了定量研究,成果如下：(1)城市公园植物景观评价指标体系：探索性的将景观生态学中景观多样性的计算方法引入到植物景观特征的分析计算中。共选取了彩叶植物比重(C1)、叶色多样性指数(C2)、观花植物比重(C3)、花色多样性指数(C4)、观果植物比重(C5)、果色多样性指数(C6)、主要肌理所占比重(C7)、肌理多样性指数(C8)、季相观赏多样性(C9)、平均斑块面积(C10)和景观多样性指数(C11)共11个量化指标；通过投影寻踪法对12个样地”数据进行分析,按照最佳投影方向排序得到指标重要性排序为C5C1C6C3C9C8C4C10C7C11C2。(2)尝试运用聚类分析的方法对植物肌理进行科学分类。将调查的植物分成乔木和灌木分别研究其肌理,将乔木的高度、冠幅、叶片长宽、叶片面积与树冠面积的比值、叶片长宽分别与高度的比值当做乔木肌理分类指标,将灌木的高度、叶片长宽以及叶片长宽与高度的比值当做灌木肌理分类指标,对样地内进行植物肌理分类。共将乔木分为9种类型,灌木共分为10种类型。(3)本研究所调查的12个样地中,共68种植物,有彩叶植物33种,其中红色系叶植物种类最多,为22种,复色系叶植物最少,只有3种。观花植物共42种,其中应用最多的是开白色系花的植物,有18种,蓝紫色系观花植物只有1种。观果植物有41种,其中红色系果最多,有26种,白色系果最少,只有1种。植物景观中肌理层次丰富,在对植物肌理进行分类并对其应用状况进行分析后发现,样地中肌理粗犷的植物种类多过肌理细腻的植物种类。(4)基于已经建立的基于投影寻踪法的评价指标体系,将四个公园中的12个样地从1#至12#编号,对其植物景观质量优劣进行定量分析,由此得到所调查的样地植物景观优劣排序为4#8#11#10#2#5#6#7#9#3#12#1#,其中白鹭洲公园的4#样地为最优样地,玄武湖公园的1#样地为最劣样地。本研究运用聚类分析和投影寻踪法对植物景观进行评价,此方法减少了植物景观评价中的主观影响,为城市公园植物景观优化提供了科学、客观的依据。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of landscape ecology, a quantitative evaluation system was established by projection pursuit and cluster analysis, and a quantitative evaluation system was established for Xuanwu Lake Park and Bailuzhou Park in Nanjing.The plant landscape in 12 plots of four urban parks in Xiamafang Park and Pok Oi Garden was studied quantitatively.The results are as follows: 1) the evaluation index system of plant landscape in urban park: the method of landscape diversity in landscape ecology is introduced into the analysis and calculation of plant landscape characteristics.The average patch area (C10) and the landscape diversity index (C11) were 11 quantitative indexes.By means of projection pursuit method, the data of 12 sample plots were analyzed. According to the best projection direction, the order of importance of the index was C5C1C6C3C9C8C4C10C7C11C2.2. the method of cluster analysis was used to classify plant texture scientifically.The investigated plants were divided into trees and shrubs to study their texture, and the tree height, crown width, leaf length and width, the ratio of leaf area to tree crown area, leaf length and width, and leaf length to height were regarded as tree texture classification indexes.The shrub height, leaf length and width as well as the ratio of leaf length to height were taken as the index of shrub texture classification.Trees were divided into 9 types and shrubs were divided into 10 types.) of the 12 plots investigated, there were 68 species of plants, 33 species of color-leaved plants, among which 22 species were red leaf plants and 22 species were polychromatic leaf plants.There are only three species.There are 42 species of flowering plants, of which 18 species are white plants and 1 species are blue and purple plants.There are 41 kinds of fruit watching plants, among which the red fruit is the most, there are 26 kinds, the white color fruit is the least, only one species.The plant landscape is rich in texture levels. After the classification of plant texture and the analysis of its application, it is found that,Based on the established evaluation index system based on projection pursuit method, 12 plots in four parks were numbered from 1# to 12#.In this study, cluster analysis and projection pursuit were used to evaluate plant landscape. This method reduced the subjective influence of plant landscape evaluation and provided scientific and objective basis for plant landscape optimization in urban parks.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S688;TU986.5

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