格罗皮乌斯、密斯和他们的现代主义建筑理论研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 14:49

本文选题：格罗皮乌斯 + 密斯　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：格罗皮乌斯和密斯,这两位现代建筑史上最为重要的大师,通过他们毕生的努力,实现了现代设计、现代建筑、以及现代设计教育体系的发展和成熟。本文通过比较分析格罗皮乌斯与密斯建筑作品之异同,从而挖掘出产生异同的深层原因,并由此引发出战争对两人建筑理论的影响、性格对建筑理论的影响以及政治立场对建筑理论的影响等这些建筑理论中的影响因素的探讨,借此来指导建筑实际。文章选取了格罗皮乌斯的法古斯工厂与密斯的巴塞罗那德国馆进行比较,来展现两人设计理论的异同：相同的是两人的建筑在建造技术、建筑空间、艺术美学和设计功能这几方面都具备了现代主义建筑的典型特征,具体体现在：都创新的使用了钢和玻璃,空间应用上都偏爱流通空间,并且都将建筑、雕刻(塑)、绘画融为一体,通过建筑去表达“时代精神”与“民众精神”。但在功能与形式的侧重、材料的选择、构图手法、设计市场以及两人对待设计的矛盾与坚持的情结等方面却存在着某些差异,最终表现为格罗皮乌斯全面建筑观与密斯“少就是多”建筑理论的不同；格罗皮乌斯理想主义教育思想与密斯现实主义教育思想的不同。接着通过两人的出生背景、教育经历、性格特点、政治立场、军旅生涯对他们建筑理论的影响等几方面来解释两人差异性产生原因,并把两人的建筑理论放置于当时的社会背景环境下探究现代主义建筑发展的文脉继承关系。最后讨论他们的建筑理论对现代建筑产生的影响以及带给我们的启示。众所周知,建筑理论对建筑创作的重要性,影响建筑创作的方向,本论文试想通过格罗皮乌斯与密斯现代主义建筑设计理论比较研究,进一步唤起人们现代主义建筑设计理论中实在的真谛的重视,而不是盲目的模仿现代主义建筑表面的样式和外形,从而忽视了现代主义建筑真正的时代精神。希望我们在今后建筑设计史论的学习中思路更加明确、合理。同时通过这篇文章让新时代的建筑设计师们能够更加重视自己的艺术修养和文化修养。
[Abstract]:Gropius and Mies, two of the most important masters in the history of modern architecture, achieved the development and maturity of modern design, modern architecture and modern design education system through their lifelong efforts. By comparing and analyzing the similarities and differences between Gropius and Mies' architectural works, this paper excavates the deep causes of the similarities and differences, and thus causes the influence of the war on the architectural theory of the two men. The influence of personality on architectural theory and the influence of political position on architectural theory are discussed in order to guide architectural practice. This paper compares the Fagus factory in Gropius with the German Pavilion in Barcelona in Mies to show the similarities and differences of the two people's design theory: the same is the construction technology, the building space, The artistic aesthetics and design functions have the typical characteristics of modern architecture, which are embodied in the innovative use of steel and glass, the preference for circulation space in space applications, and the building. Sculpture, painting, the integration of architecture to express the "spirit of the times" and "the spirit of the people." However, there are some differences in function and form, material selection, composition technique, design market and the contradiction and persistence of design between the two people. The ultimate manifestation is the difference between Gropius' comprehensive architectural view and Mies' theory of "less is more", and the difference between Gropius' idealistic educational thought and Mies' realistic educational thought. Then through the birth background, education experience, personality characteristics, political position, the influence of military career on their architectural theory and other aspects to explain the differences between the two. And put their architectural theory in the social background at that time to explore the development of modernist architecture inheritance relationship. Finally, the influence of their architectural theory on modern architecture and the enlightenment to us are discussed. As we all know, the importance of architectural theory to architectural creation and the direction of architectural creation are affected. Further arouse people's attention to the true meaning of modernism architectural design theory, instead of blindly imitating the style and shape of modernism architecture surface, thus ignoring the real spirit of modernism architecture. Hope that we in the future in the study of architectural design history theory thinking more clear and reasonable. At the same time, through this article, architectural designers in the new era can pay more attention to their artistic and cultural accomplishment.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-86

【参考文献】