供水管网剩余能量熵及可靠性评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 05:57

本文选题：供水管网物理模型 + 可靠性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：城市供水管网是城市重要的基础设施，担负着从水源向千家万户保持不间断输水的重任，任何导致用户停水或不能及时获得所需水量水压的事故，都将对正常的社会生产和生活造成巨大的影响。研究并改善供水管网的可靠性，有效保障用户对水量水压的需求，对于提高供水企业的经济及社会效益具有重要的现实意义。本文以城市供水管网的可靠性为研究内容，建立了供水管网物理模型，然后基于物理模型研究了剩余能量熵作为供水管网可靠性指标的可行性、供水管网可靠性的影响因素和可靠性评价方法，为供水管网的设计、运行、诊断和维护提供依据。针对实际供水管网的隐蔽性以及直接进行实验操作的艰巨性和风险性，提出利用物理模型研究供水管网中的可靠性问题。在搭建供水管网物理模型的基础上，通过将物理模型中用户节点的结构设计成“压力变送器-电动球阀”的形式，实现了对用户所需水量的模拟；通过控制管段上球阀的开度，实现了对物理模型中管段海曾-威廉系数的模拟。将物理模型的试验运行数据与EPANET的水力模拟运行数据进行比较，表明物理模型试验能较好地反映管网水力工况，满足后续可靠性试验研究的精度要求。针对拓扑结构冗余度高且剩余供水能力分布均匀的供水管网在应对需水量增加、管段故障等事故方面能力强的特点，，通过引入剩余能量因子表征管段的剩余供水能力并结合“熵”的理论，提出以剩余能量熵表征剩余能量因子在节点上游各管段间分布的均匀性，建立了供水管网剩余能量熵计算模型。依托物理模型工况试验对供水管网剩余能量熵作为可靠性度量指标的可行性进行了试验研究。通过采集相关工况数据，计算了供水管网在各管段断开工况下的剩余能量熵以及水量可靠度、水压可靠度、流量熵、恢复力指数和剩余能量因子等可靠性指标，通过与这些经典的供水管网可靠性指标进行比较，结果显示剩余能量熵与其它指标间均存在很好的正相关关系，证实了以剩余能量熵作为供水管网可靠性度量指标的可行性。供水管网常面临着节点需水量增加以及爆管等问题，从改善供水可靠性兼顾节能的角度出发，基于物理模型工况试验，分别研究了供水管网需水量增加导致可靠性降低的问题以及供水管网爆管并关阀后的优化调度问题，分别建立了基于用户节点地面标高的分区模型和以水泵运行频率为决策变量的多目标优化调度模型。将两个模型分别应用于物理模型试验中，结果证实了两种模型的可行性和有效性。基于“爆管区域-爆管后果”模式，建立了供水管网可靠性评价模型。该模型将管段发生爆管的随机性作为不确定性因素的来源，充分考虑了管段的可用度、用户需水量的时变性、供水管网中阀门的布置情况以及优化调度等影响可靠性的因素，能够更真实、准确和全面地反映供水管网可靠性。在爆管工况试验中，针对一一枚举供水管网中各管段及其组合的不可行性，提出基于供水管网阀门布置情况的区域划分法，依次对各区域内某根管段爆管导致该区域被隔离后的供水管网进行可靠性评价，大大降低了试验次数。
[Abstract]:Urban water supply network is an important infrastructure in the city. It takes on the responsibility of continuous water supply from water sources to thousands of families. Any accident that causes users to stop water or not to obtain water pressure in time will have a great impact on the normal social production and life. The user's demand for water and water pressure has important practical significance for improving the economic and social benefits of water supply enterprises. Based on the research content of the urban water supply network, the physical model of the water supply network is established. Then the feasibility of the residual energy entropy as the reliability index of the water supply network is studied, and the water supply pipe is based on the physical model. The influencing factors and reliability evaluation methods of the network reliability provide the basis for the design, operation, diagnosis and maintenance of the water supply network.
In view of the concealment of the actual water supply network and the arduous and risky nature of the direct experimental operation, a physical model is put forward to study the reliability problem in the water supply network. On the basis of building the physical model of the water supply network, the structure of the user node in the physical model is set into the form of "pressure transmitter electric ball valve". The simulation of the water required for the user is realized. By controlling the opening of the ball valve on the pipe section, the simulation of the sea Zeng William coefficient in the tube section of the physical model is realized. The experimental data of the physical model is compared with the hydraulic simulation data of EPANET, which shows that the physical model test can better reflect the hydraulic condition of the pipe network and meet the follow-up. The precision requirement of the reliability test research.
For the water supply network with high topology redundancy and uniform distribution of residual water supply capacity, the residual energy factor is introduced to characterize the residual water supply capacity of the pipe section by introducing residual energy factors, and the residual energy entropy is proposed to characterize the residual energy factor in the node. The residual energy entropy calculation model of the water supply pipe network is established. The feasibility of the residual energy entropy of the water supply pipe network is tested by the physical model test. The residual energy of the water supply pipe network under the disconnecting condition is calculated by collecting the relevant working conditions data. The reliability indices such as entropy, water reliability, water pressure reliability, flow entropy, recovery force index and residual energy factor are compared with the reliability indexes of these classic water supply networks. The results show that there is a good positive correlation between the residual energy entropy and other indexes, which proves that the residual energy entropy is used as the water supply network. The feasibility of the reliability measurement index.
The water supply network often faces the problems of increasing water demand and pipe blasting. From the angle of improving the water supply reliability and saving energy, based on the physical model test, the problem of reducing the reliability of water supply pipe network is studied, and the optimal scheduling problem after the pipe burst and closing the valve is established. The subarea model of the ground elevation of the user node and the multi objective optimization scheduling model with the decision variable of the pump running frequency are applied to the physical model test respectively. The results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the two models.
The reliability evaluation model of water supply pipe network is set up based on the "detonating area - Detonating effect" model. The model takes the randomness of the pipe burst as a source of uncertainty. It fully considers the availability of the pipe section, the time change of the water requirement of the user, the layout of the valves in the water supply network and the reliability of the optimal dispatching. In order to enumerate the infeasibility of each pipe section and its combination in the water supply network, a regional division method based on the distribution of the valve in the water supply network is proposed in order to enumerate the infeasibility of the distribution of the valves in the water supply network. Reliability evaluation of water supply network greatly reduces the number of trials.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU991.33

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