基于ANSYS的异形高耸塔机参数化设计及有限元分析系统

发布时间：2018-11-29 12:40

【摘要】：对于大型冷却塔塔体、烟囱、交通铁路塔桥等高耸结构的建筑主体施工而言，国内外普遍采用大型塔式起重机配以施工升降机相组合的模式施工，该组合模式施工成本高，设备有效利用率较低，存在安全隐忧，且需要布置附着系统。针对传统塔机在此类高耸建筑结构施工中存在的问题，本文根据与中国建筑科学研究院建筑机械化研究分院合作研究的异形高耸塔机，综合运用参数化建模与有限元分析系统，提高异形高耸塔机的性能，以满足此类结构的施工要求。异形高耸塔机在设计过程中，根据实际情况，需要对异形高耸塔机结构进行多次建模，会造成大量的重复性工作，工作量相当大。针对以上问题，研究分析异形高耸塔机的结构，通过VC++与ANSYS参数化语言APDL相结合，开发出异形高耸塔机的专用有限元分析系统。本文主要成果如下： 1）采用ANSYS的APDL参数化语言，实现了异形高耸塔机参数化建模。编写了异形高耸塔机参数化命令流文件，以便系统对命令流文件进行读取。 2）运用VC++构建了异形高耸塔机有限元分析系统。该系统包括参数输入、有限元建模、静力分析、模态分析、运行界面等模块。用户对塔身、起重臂、平衡臂、套架及施工平桥的尺寸参数、材料属性参数和截面特性参数进行输入和选择，系统便自动生成当前异形高耸塔机的APDL命令流文件。系统后台则可快速启动ANSYS，并调用命令流文件，生成相应的模型。并运用ANSYS的功能对异形高耸塔机进行参数化静力分析，通过对相关参数的输入和设置，还可生成静力分析命令流文件，系统可读取并对其进行分析，以得到关键节点的应力和应变结果。 3）运用有限元法动态分析理论，建立异形高耸塔式起重机平桥有限元参数化模型，对其进行动态分析，分析结果作为优化设计的目标函数，并采用ANSYS的优化算法模块，对平桥结构进行动态优化设计，有效减轻了异形高耸塔式起重机平桥的质量，提高了平桥金属结构的动态性能，，为整机优化奠定了基础。实现了异形高耸塔机的参数化动态分析，用户对动态分析参数进行设置，可以得到结构的振动频率及固有振型。 4）通过实例分析，验证了基于ANSYS/APDL的异形高耸塔机有限元参数化分析系统的合理性，有效地提高了设计分析效率。
[Abstract]:For the construction of large cooling tower, chimney, tower bridge and so on, the large tower crane combined with the construction hoist is widely used at home and abroad, and the construction cost is high. The effective utilization ratio of the equipment is low, there is a security worry, and the attachment system needs to be arranged. In view of the existing problems of traditional tower cranes in the construction of such towering structures, according to the special shape towering tower cranes studied in cooperation with the Research Institute of Building Mechanization of the Chinese Academy of Architectural Sciences, the parametric modeling and finite element analysis system are used synthetically in this paper. To improve the performance of special-shaped towering tower crane to meet the construction requirements of this kind of structure. In the design process of special-shaped towering tower crane, it is necessary to model the structure of special-shaped towering tower crane many times according to the actual situation, which will result in a lot of repetitive work and a great deal of work. In view of the above problems, the structure of special-shaped towering tower crane is studied and analyzed. Through the combination of VC and ANSYS parametric language APDL, a special finite element analysis system for special-shaped towering tower crane is developed. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: 1) using ANSYS's APDL parameterized language, parametric modeling of special-shaped towering tower crane is realized. The parameterized command flow file of the towering tower crane is written so that the system can read the command stream file. 2) the finite element analysis system of special-shaped towering tower crane is constructed by using VC. The system includes parameter input, finite element modeling, static analysis, modal analysis, running interface and other modules. Users input and select the dimensions parameters of tower body, lifting arm, balance arm, sleeve and construction horizontal bridge, material attribute parameter and section characteristic parameter, and the system automatically generates the APDL command flow file of the current special-shaped towering tower crane. The system background can quickly start ANSYS, and call the command flow file to generate the corresponding model. By using the function of ANSYS, the parameterized static analysis of the towering tower crane is carried out. Through the input and setting of the related parameters, the static analysis command flow file can be generated, which can be read and analyzed by the system. The stress and strain results of the key nodes are obtained. 3) using the finite element method dynamic analysis theory, the finite element parameterized model of the plane bridge of the special-shaped towering tower crane is established, and the dynamic analysis is carried out. The result is taken as the objective function of the optimization design, and the optimization algorithm module of ANSYS is adopted. The dynamic optimization design of the bridge structure can effectively reduce the quality of the plane bridge of the special-shaped towering tower crane, improve the dynamic performance of the metal structure of the bridge, and lay a foundation for the optimization of the whole machine. The parameterized dynamic analysis of special-shaped towering tower crane is realized. The vibration frequency and natural mode of the structure can be obtained by setting the parameters of the dynamic analysis. 4) the rationality of the finite element parametric analysis system based on ANSYS/APDL is verified, and the efficiency of design and analysis is improved effectively.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU61

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