冲孔波纹集热板式渗透型空气集热器在农村住宅的应用

发布时间：2019-04-11 11:36

【摘要】：为了缓解能源危机,促进可再生能源发展利用,同时降低农村住宅冬季采暖能耗,提高非采暖地区农宅的室内舒适度,通过资料调研、实验研究与模拟研究相结合的方式,研究了冲孔波纹集热板式渗透型空气集热器在不同地区、不同型式农村住宅的采暖效果。首先,为了完善太阳能空气集热器采暖效果的评价体系,提出保证小时数、瞬时保证百分比、集热器运行小时数、运行时段瞬时保证百分比几个评价指标,同时模拟分析了建筑热工性能及气象参数对建筑单位面积耗热量、集热器单位面积集热量、太阳能保证率、太阳能采暖保证小时数、瞬时保证百分比、集热器运行小时数、运行时段瞬时保证百分比的影响,结果表明外墙热工性能对采暖效果的影响最大,安装使用时应加强外墙的保温性能。还模拟分析了在实验建筑不同朝向墙面上安装集热器的采暖效果,结果显示南向太阳能保证率比东西向高10%,采暖保证小时数多200h,北向完全没有采暖效果。其次,搜集了严寒、寒冷和夏热冬冷地区的35个典型农村住宅的建筑型式及热工参数,对这些建筑安装冲孔波纹集热板式渗透型空气集热器后的采暖季采暖效果进行了模拟计算。研究结果表明,建筑热工性能的优化对提高各项采暖指标效果显著,不同建筑结构型式、南向窗墙比会影响集热器可安装面积,对采暖效果影响也较大。另外,用严寒、寒冷和夏热冬冷地区25个省的典型年气象参数模拟计算一幢两层新型农宅安装冲孔波纹集热板式渗透型空气集热器后的采暖效果,并绘制建筑单位面积耗热量、集热器单位面积集热量、太阳能保证率、太阳能采暖保证小时数、集热器运行小时数、运行时段瞬时保证百分比的地区分布图。分析不同地区的应用效果,可为不同地区安装使用提供建议,研究发现西藏、青海、宁夏等省份使用效果优异,适宜大面积推广使用。开发了应用冲孔波纹集热板式渗透型空气集热器各项采暖指标计算程序及界面,应用该软件可以预测出安装集热器的农宅能够达到的采暖效果,为建筑设计和集热器选型提供依据。最后,根据研究和分析结果,对安装和使用冲孔波纹集热板式渗透型空气集热器给出若干意见。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the energy crisis, promote the development and utilization of renewable energy, at the same time reduce the heating energy consumption of rural housing in winter, and improve the indoor comfort of rural residential buildings in non-heating areas, by means of data investigation, experimental research and simulation study, The heating effect of perforated corrugated plate permeable air collector in different areas and different types of rural houses was studied. First of all, in order to improve the evaluation system of heating effect of solar air collector, several evaluation indexes are put forward, such as the number of guaranteed hours, the percentage of instantaneous guarantee, the operating hours of collector, and the percentage of instantaneous guarantee during operation period. At the same time, the heat consumption per unit area of building, the heat collection per unit area of collector, the guarantee rate of solar energy, the guaranteed hours of solar heating, the percentage of instantaneous guarantee, and the operating hours of collector are simulated and analyzed by simulation and analysis of building thermal performance and meteorological parameters. The results show that the thermal performance of the external wall has the greatest effect on the heating effect, and the thermal insulation performance of the external wall should be strengthened during installation and use. The heating effect of the collector installed on different facing walls of the experimental building is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the south-facing solar energy guarantee rate is 10% higher than that of the east-west direction, the heating guaranteed hours are more than 200 hours, and there is no heating effect in the north direction. Secondly, the building types and thermal parameters of 35 typical rural dwellings in cold, cold and hot summer and cold winter areas are collected. The heating effect of perforated corrugated plate penetrating air collector in these buildings during heating season is simulated and calculated. The results show that the optimization of building thermal performance has a remarkable effect on the improvement of various heating indexes. Different building structures, the ratio of south window to wall will affect the installable area of the collector, and the heating effect will also be greatly affected by the optimization of the thermal performance of the building. In addition, the typical annual meteorological parameters of 25 provinces in the areas of severe cold, cold summer and hot summer and cold winter are used to simulate and calculate the heating effect of a new type of two-storey farm house with perforated corrugated plate penetrating air collector installed, and the heat consumption per unit area of the building is drawn. Regional distribution map of heat collection per unit area, solar guaranteed rate, solar heating guaranteed hours, operating hours of collector, and instantaneous guaranteed percentage of operation period. Analysis of the application effect in different areas can provide suggestions for installation and use in different areas. It is found that Tibet, Qinghai, Ningxia and other provinces have excellent application results and are suitable for large-scale popularization. The calculation program and interface of each heating index of perforated corrugated plate permeable air collector are developed. The heating effect of farm house installed with collector can be predicted by the software. It provides the basis for building design and collector selection. Finally, according to the results of research and analysis, some opinions on the installation and use of perforated corrugated plate penetrating air collector are given.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU832.17

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