基于FPGA的超声脉冲检测系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 20:41

本文关键词：基于FPGA的超声脉冲检测系统研究　出处：《北京理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着超声检测理论的日益成熟与实践的广泛积累,以及电子技术与计算机技术的高速发展,超声检测系统正朝着数字化、自动化及智能化的方向发展。考虑到目前国内外市场上的相关产品的价格和开放程度,给科研人员开展相关实验研究造成了诸多限制与不便。因此,本课题在深入调研国内外超声检测系统的基础上自主研发了一套功能完善的超声脉冲检测系统。本文按照模块化设计的方法分别设计了以下功能模块:高效率高性能的直流升压模块,可实现开环闭环对输出高压连续可调;高性能的脉冲发射模块,脉冲宽度,脉冲频率,脉冲个数以及脉冲发射重复频率均可调整来适应不同的压电传感器和不同的检测任务;具有内部触发和外部触发两种触发方式,并输出同步触发脉冲,方便与外部模块协调同步;工作模式支持自发自收和一发一收,可灵活适应不同的检测场景;具有高压保护模块,实现高低压隔离;支持固定增益和时间增益两种放大方式;支持高通滤波和低通滤波多级切换;采样频率可达100MHz;支持数据通过千兆以太网口实时上传。软件开发方面,采用Verilog HDL硬件描述语言,且根据模块化设计思想编写FPGA的逻辑控制程序;上位机开发了基于网口通讯的VC++demo程序,为用户提供了进一步开发的范例。性能测试实验表明,系统各模块基本实现了目标功能且性能良好;并广泛应用于超声无损检测领域,包括超声检测构件残余应力,曲面类构件缺陷导波阵列检测,单机械手复杂曲面缺陷检测等。本系统完成了课题目标,为进一步扩展回波信号数字处理功能及实现超声检测的图像化、自动化、智能化奠定了较好的基础,具备广泛的应用前景与发展空间。
[Abstract]:With the development of ultrasonic testing theory and practice, and the rapid development of electronic technology and computer technology, ultrasonic testing system is becoming more and more digital. The development of automation and intelligence. Considering the price and opening degree of related products in the domestic and foreign markets at present, many restrictions and inconveniences have been caused for the scientific research personnel to carry out the related experimental research. On the basis of deep investigation of ultrasonic detection system at home and abroad, this paper has developed a set of ultrasonic pulse detection system with perfect function. According to the method of modular design, the following functional modules have been designed in this paper:. High efficiency and high performance DC booster module. The open loop closed loop can be continuously adjustable to the output high voltage. High performance pulse transmitting module, pulse width, pulse frequency, pulse number and pulse repetition rate can be adjusted to adapt to different piezoelectric sensors and different detection tasks. It has two triggering modes: internal trigger and external trigger, and outputs synchronous trigger pulse, which is convenient to synchronize with external module. Work mode support from the source and one send to receive, can flexibly adapt to different detection scenarios; With a high-voltage protection module to achieve high and low voltage isolation; Support fixed gain and time gain two amplification modes; Support high pass filtering and low pass filtering multi-level switching; The sampling frequency can reach 100 MHz; In software development, the hardware description language of Verilog HDL is used, and the logic control program of FPGA is written according to the modular design idea. A VC demo program based on network interface communication is developed by the upper computer, which provides a sample for further development. The performance test results show that each module of the system basically achieves the target function and the performance is good. And widely used in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing, including ultrasonic testing component residual stress, curved surface component defect guided wave array detection, single manipulator complex surface defect detection and so on. It lays a good foundation for further expanding the digital processing function of echo signal and realizing the image, automation and intelligence of ultrasonic detection, and has a wide application prospect and development space.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB517

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