基于人机工程学的篮球轮椅设计

发布时间：2018-02-07 18:00

本文关键词： 篮球轮椅有限元人机工程疲劳寿命　出处：《天津科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着时代的发展,适用于残障人士的体育活动逐渐引起了人们的关注。鉴于运动型辅助轮椅的问世,运动型轮椅不仅能够使有肢体不足状况的人能像正常人同样感受到生活的美好,也为他们提供了更多展现自我的机会。所谓轮椅篮球即是为了身体下肢有残疾的人用轮椅车代替双腿,在运动场上进行竞技的特殊篮球运动项目。因为篮球轮椅不同于普通轮椅,下肢有残疾者可以用此来进行适当的户外体育运动项目。到如今篮球轮椅被越来越多的残疾人使用。对于参加轮椅篮球项目的运动员来说,轮椅是不可或缺的代步工具,而此项目又是一项对抗性非常强的运动,经常发生轮椅之间的碰撞,甚至有倾翻的可能以及导致运动员的受伤,受到二次伤害。因此篮球轮椅的行驶安全问题、平衡能力以及乘坐舒适与否等所涉及到的人机工程学因素就显得尤为重要。本文首先对当前国产轮椅及其使用用户进行了广泛的调查,总结了篮球轮椅的几种主要失效形式,提出了对于车体材质和车轴弯曲形式、防撞圈的重新设计和整车联合重心位置等车体构造上的改善整合方案,并经有限元等计算机分析软件计算验证了方案的合理可靠性。运用人机工程学设计思想,选用了先进的CATIA人体仿真平台对重新设计的结构进行多种检验评估以及在人体三种典型运动姿态下的舒适度进行分析,进一步验证了其整体布局的合理性。之后使用刚柔混合模型虚拟样机技术联合疲劳寿命分析平台对重新构建的车体防撞圈的使用寿命进行了估算分析。此项目的研究对于提高篮球运动轮椅的性能,加强我国各类运动轮椅的发展水平有积极的影响。与此同时也可为我国的残疾人体育事业做出一点积极的贡献,不但可以降低从国外进口的成本,而且可以使更多的残疾人参加体育运动,使他们的生活内容更加丰富。
[Abstract]:Along with the development of the times, sports activities suitable for the disabled have gradually attracted people's attention. Sports wheelchairs not only enable people with physical disabilities to feel the same good life as normal people, but also provide more opportunities for them to show themselves. The so-called wheelchair basketball is a special basketball event in which people with disabilities in their lower limbs use wheelchairs instead of legs to compete on the playground. Because basketball wheelchairs are different from ordinary wheelchairs, People with lower limbs with disabilities can use this for appropriate outdoor sports. Nowadays, basketball wheelchairs are used by more and more people with disabilities. For athletes who participate in wheelchair basketball, wheelchairs are an indispensable means of movement. This event is also a very confrontational sport. There are frequent collisions between wheelchairs, even the possibility of overturning and causing injuries to athletes and secondary injuries. Therefore, the safety of basketball wheelchairs is a problem. The ergonomics factors, such as balance ability and ride comfort, are particularly important. Firstly, this paper makes a extensive investigation on the current domestic wheelchairs and their users, and summarizes several main failure forms of basketball wheelchairs. The improvement and integration scheme of the carbody material and axle bending form, the redesigning of the anti-collision ring and the position of the whole vehicle's joint center of gravity are put forward. The reasonable reliability of the scheme is verified by computer analysis software such as finite element method, and the idea of ergonomics design is used. The advanced CATIA human body simulation platform is selected to test and evaluate the redesigned structure and to analyze the comfort under the three typical human motion postures. The rationality of its overall layout is further verified. Then the service life of the reconstructed anti-collision ring is estimated and analyzed by using the rigid-flexible hybrid model virtual prototyping technology combined with the fatigue life analysis platform. The research of this project has a positive impact on improving the performance of basketball wheelchairs and strengthening the development level of all kinds of sports wheelchairs in China. At the same time, it can also make a little positive contribution to the sports cause of the disabled in our country. It can not only reduce the cost of importing from abroad, but also make more disabled people participate in sports and enrich their life.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH789;TB18

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