基于语义特征的复杂产品工业设计系统研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 20:06

本文关键词： 语义特征复杂产品数控机床工业设计情境　出处：《湖南大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：复杂产品的工业设计是振兴制造业,提高产品品质的关键技术之一。产品语义研究是构建产品可理解信息模型和可分享数据的基础。本论文选题源于国家科研课题和设计实践活动,以复杂产品的造型设计为研究对象,通过产品语义类别和语义特征的认知研究,构建有效的设计系统方法,支持和辅助工业设计的创新活动。研究从语义研究出发,结合复杂产品——数控机床的特点,以克里彭多夫(Krippendorff)产品语义框架为基础,构建了复杂产品语义认知与转换模型。在进行理论探讨、实验研究和实例验证的基础上,以用户认知为主导,对数控机床样本案例进行知识获取与表达,初步建立了复杂产品多语义特征框架。然后,结合语义特征认知的任务实验构建不同设计师认知地图,分析不同语义特征形成的情境和问题求解策略,构建了基于语义特征的情境过程模型。最后建立了一个基于语义特征认知的机床造型辅助设计系统,验证了本研究中语义特征知识模型和处理方法的可行性。论文采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法,从三个层面展开理论和方法研究。宏观层面基于克里彭多夫(Krippendorff)产品语义理论框架,以数控机床为具体产品对象,定义产品意义的类别,提出以自然语义、动作语义和造型语义的共同编码形式,实现产品语义的获取与表达;中观层面以案例分析为基础,综合研究“设计对象”和“设计过程”,采用特征识别、动素分析、感性工学、认知隐喻等方法,抽取复杂产品的语义特征,提出象征语义特征、指示语义特征向图标语义特征的显性转换关系。绘制设计师认知地图,分析语义特征情境及对应策略,引入FBS设计过程模型,构建复杂产品设计的情境过程模型;微观层面通过访谈法、问卷法、实验法、口语分析等定性、定量的基础方法,为中观层面方法提供全面的底层数据信息,包括风格语义特征抽取、人机语义特征抽取、文化语义特征抽取、语义特征认知链实验共四个实验。具体研究内容和成果包括:首先:构建复杂产品的语义类别及语义认知转换框架。以数控机床为具体对象,研究产品语义的意义类别和表达方式,归纳产品使用、语言、发生、社会生态的意义类别。采用调研和卡片归类的方法,针对数控机床得到结构、人机、审美、风格、家族化、文化六类设计意义。研究认为,用户使用动作语言和自然语言表达产品认知,设计师使用造型语言表达产品造型,通过共同编码可以完整表达产品语义信息。复杂产品语义认知与转换框架是指用户认知语义转换为与产品造型相关的象征语义、指示语义和图标语义及语义特征,并通过设计师情境认知进行创新设计的路径和方法。为后续复杂产品语义特征抽取提供了理论基础。再者:构建了复杂产品语义特征框架。采用实验和特征抽取方法,提取数控机床造型的图标语义特征、指示语义特征和象征语义特征,获得图标语义特征的体量、形面和图案成分;指示语义特征的动作要素;以及象征语义特征的风格要素、文化要素,构建了系统的复杂产品语义特征框架。建立了不同语义特征间关联,初步实现了产品语义从抽象到具体的转换,同时为构建情境过程模型和计算机辅助设计系统提供了基础。然后:构建了基于语义特征的情境过程模型。采用认知实验方法,构建设计师的设计过程认知地图,分析设计师的设计思维方式与语义特征的关系,确定不同语义特征对设计的知识辅助作用,获取语义特征认知的情境结构及问题求解策略,整合语义情境及策略的情境过程模型。最后:开发SFC-ICAID原型系统。包括系统框架构建、系统主要功能模块以及平台建设。基于情境过程模型构建了项目管理、案例检索、案例分析、案例修改四大模块,辅助支持数控机床造型设计。通过系统运用,完成机床造型设计获得了良好的设计效果和市场评价,初步验证了理论研究及系统辅助的合理性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The industrial design of complex products is the development of manufacturing industry, one of the key technologies to improve the product quality. The research is to construct the product semantics product can understand the information model and the share of the data base. The topic of this paper comes from the national scientific research and design practice, in order to make the complex product design as the research object, through cognitive research on product semantics the category and semantic features, construction of system design method, support and aided industrial design innovation. From the research of semantic research, combined with the characteristics of complex products, CNC machine tools, with Crippen Dov (Krippendorff) framework of product semantics as the foundation, constructs a complex product semantic cognition and translation model. In theory, based on the experimental research and practical verification, based on user cognitive oriented of CNC machine sample case knowledge acquisition and representation, initially established More complex product semantic features framework. Then, construct the different cognitive map designer with task experimental cognitive semantic features, semantic analysis of different characteristics of the situation and problem solving strategies, construct situational process model based on semantic feature modeling. The machine aided design system finally established a semantic feature based on cognition, verify the feasibility in this study, the semantic features of knowledge model and processing method. The paper uses research methods of qualitative and quantitative research, theories and methods from three aspects. The macro level based on Dov Crippen (Krippendorff) framework of product semantic theory, the CNC machine tools as a specific product object, defining the meaning of the products category, proposed to the natural semantics the common form of action, encoding semantic and semantic modeling, acquisition and expression of product semantics; case analysis based on meso level The foundation, comprehensive study "design" and "design process", using feature recognition, therbligs analysis, Kansei Engineering, cognitive metaphor, semantic feature extraction of complex products, the symbol of semantic feature, semantic feature conversion to explicit icons indicating semantic feature relations. Drawing designer cognitive map, and the corresponding analysis of the situation strategy of semantic features, the FBS design process model, construct process model of complex product design; the micro level through interviews, questionnaire method, experimental method, qualitative analysis method based on oral, quantitative, provides the data comprehensive information for the meso level, including the style of semantic feature extraction, semantic feature extraction machine, culture semantic feature extraction, semantic features of experimental cognitive chain a total of four experiments. The main research contents and results include: first, semantic category and semantic cognition construction of complex products. Change the frame. The CNC machine tools as a specific object, and expression of product semantic meaning category, inductive products, language, social and ecological significance. The research method and category classification card, for CNC machine tool structure, ergonomics, aesthetic style, family culture, six kinds of design. Research shows that the user action language and natural language expression product awareness, designers use other language to express product modeling, through joint encoding can fully express the product semantic information. Complex product semantic cognition and transformation framework refers to the user cognitive semantics into symbolic semantics associated with product modeling, indicating the semantic and semantic and semantic features and icons. The path and method of innovation design by designers of situated cognition. It provides theoretical basis for the follow-up of complex product semantic feature extraction. Then, constructs a complex The framework of product semantic features. The experimental and feature extraction method, extract icon semantic features of NC machine tool model, indicating the semantic characteristics and symbolic semantic features, semantic features get the icon size, shape and pattern composition; action element indicates the semantic features and semantic features; symbolic style elements, cultural elements, constructs a semantic feature the framework of complex product system was established. The correlation between different semantic features, realizes product semantic transformation from the abstract to the concrete, and provide the basis for the construction situation of process model and the computer aided design system. Then the construction situation and process model based on semantic features. By cognitive experiments, cognitive map design process of building designers the analysis of the relationship between the designers thinking and semantic features, determine the different semantic features of design knowledge of auxiliary function, Situational structure and problem solving strategy to obtain semantic features of cognitive, situational context and process model integration strategy. Finally the semantic development of SFC-ICAID prototype system. Including system framework, main function modules of the system and platform construction situation. Process model of construction project management, based on case retrieval, case analysis, case revision four modules. NC machine tools design. By using auxiliary support system, complete the design of a machine tool to get a good design effect and market evaluation, a preliminary validation of the theoretical research and the auxiliary system is reasonable and effective.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB47

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