新型沥青包装材料的合成与性能

发布时间：2018-02-26 01:16

本文关键词： 氧化沥青接枝改性 PP EVA 共混改性力学性能包装材料　出处：《长春工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：沥青作为基础建设材料(原料和燃料)被非常广泛地应用在交通运输、建筑业、农业、水利工程、工业等与国家发展非常相关的部门。在可以用来包装运输沥青及类似物质的包装方法的发展过程中,纸袋包装法和铁桶包装法起了重要的作用并被较广泛地应用,但不可否认随着人们环保意识的提高,这些包装方法暴露出了很多不足之处。较为普遍的问题如,当用纸袋包装的沥青及相似材料在需要使用时,用于包装的纸袋容易与被包装沥青发生紧密地粘连,这会造成原料的损失并且粘上沥青的包装纸袋非常难以清理干净,最后只能统一回收并处理,这不仅会对环境造成污染同时也会造成沥青的不必要的损失;采用铁桶包装时,本身自重大,使用前需对其加热脱桶,空桶回收成本费用高且铁桶还存在腐蚀、变形等问题。因而希望合成一种一次性沥青包装材料,该材料可与被包装的沥青一同熔化且不对其性质产生不利影响,从而免除了传统沥青包装材料所带来的加热剥离等问题并减少污染降低使用成本。本研究以氧化沥青为主要原料,通过对氧化沥青进行接枝改性从而改善了其与聚合物PP、EVA等的相容性。在共混体系中,以氧化沥青为主要原料,PP和EVA作为高聚物改性剂,而填料则进一步提高共混物的力学性能。在共混体系中PP为共混体系提供较高的软化点,而EVA则用来提高共混体系的韧性,从而为共混物作为沥青包装材料提供耐热性和抗磨损性。本文通过对不同配比的改性氧化沥青,PP,EVA共混物的力学性能的进行对比分析,从中筛选出较优的基础配比。然后,在这个配比的基础上,分析不同填料对共混物力学性能的影响。填料包括玻璃纤维、纳米级碳酸钙、硅微粉、蒙脱土。最终,优选出配比为氧化沥青：PP：EVA：纳米级碳酸钙=63：9：27：1时,能够制得力学性能最佳的共混物,共混物的断裂应变能够达到230%左右。该共混材料可通过双片热成型机可制作为一次性沥青包装袋,该包装袋可以满足灌装及运输中对包装材料的要求,且该新型沥青包装袋在使用时可与被包装的沥青共同熔融,从免除了传统沥青包装材料所带来的加热剥离等问题并可达到减少污染降低使用成本的目的。
[Abstract]:Asphalt is widely used as basic construction materials (raw materials and fuels) in transportation, construction, agriculture, water conservancy projects, Industry and other sectors that are very relevant to the development of the country. In the development of packaging methods that can be used to package and transport bitumen and similar substances, paper bag packaging and iron barrel packaging have played an important role and have been widely used. However, it is undeniable that these packaging methods have exposed many shortcomings as people's awareness of environmental protection has increased. The more common problems are, for example, when bitumen and similar materials are packaged in paper bags when they need to be used. The paper bags used for packaging are easily tightly bonded with the packaged asphalt, which can cause material losses and the paper bags coated with bitumen are very difficult to clean up and can only be recovered and disposed of uniformly. This will not only pollute the environment, but also cause unnecessary loss of asphalt. When used in iron drum packaging, it is self-important, it needs to be heated and stripped before use, empty barrel recovery costs are high, and iron drums are corroded. Problems such as deformation. It is therefore desirable to synthesize a one-off bituminous packaging material that can be melted with packaged asphalt without adversely affecting its properties, Thus, the traditional asphalt packaging materials caused by heat stripping and other problems and reduce pollution and reduce the cost of use. In this paper, oxidized asphalt was used as the main raw material to improve the compatibility of oxidized asphalt by graft modification. In the blend system, the oxidized asphalt was used as the main raw materials of PP and EVA as the polymer modifier. The filler further improved the mechanical properties of the blends. PP provided a higher softening point for the blends, while EVA was used to improve the toughness of the blends. Therefore, the heat resistance and wear resistance of the blends as asphalt packaging materials can be provided. By comparing and analyzing the mechanical properties of the modified oxidized asphalt / EVA blends with different ratios, the better basic ratio is obtained. On the basis of this ratio, the effects of different fillers on the mechanical properties of the blends are analyzed. The fillers include glass fiber, nanometer calcium carbonate, silica micropowder, montmorillonite. Finally, the best proportion is: oxidized asphalt: PPVA: nanometer calcium carbonate 63: 9: 27: 1. The best mechanical properties of the blend can be prepared, and the fracture strain of the blend can reach about 230%. The blend can be made into a one-off asphalt packaging bag by a double-sheet thermoforming machine. The packaging bag can meet the requirements of packing materials in filling and transportation, and the new type of asphalt packaging bag can be melted together with the packed asphalt when used. The problem of heat stripping caused by traditional asphalt packaging materials is eliminated and the pollution is reduced and the cost of use is reduced.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB484;TE626.86

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