基于FPGA的16通道超声相控阵控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 14:32

本文选题：超声相控阵　切入点：稀疏矩阵　出处：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：超声相控阵检测技术是被广泛应用到海洋、铁路、医疗、工业等无损检测领域中的技术。超声相控阵系统具有检测对象范围广、灵敏度高、缺陷定位精确等特点。同时他与普通相控阵相比,还具有快速灵活、良好的声束可达性、动态聚焦、动态变迹等优势。因此,超声相控阵系统的研究也成为近些年国内外研究和开发的热点课题。本论文主要对超声相控阵系统中的数字控制系统进行了研究。论文首先介绍了超声相控阵的组成、基本检测原理、控制系统的设计方案。然后介绍了控制系统中的算法和主要功能模块的设计。论文详细介绍了超声相控阵控制系统的设计方案,以FPGA为主控制芯片,重点对超声相控阵中的发射波束控制、聚焦控制、数据接收、数据存储、数据传输等进行了基于FPGA的开发,完成了FPGA中SDRAM,异步FIFO等关键模块的开发。对相控阵中的稀疏矩阵设计的关键技术进行了matlab仿真、M2M实验验证、FPGA开发。同时,为了便于对系统的控制,开发了基于MFC的上位机控制平台,实现收发控制、数据传输和图像显示。使用USB2.0进行PC机和FPGA数字硬件控制端的连接,实现了数据和命令的高速传输。同时整个控制系统为其他的开发者预留了发射参数接口,也为需要做后期DSP处理的开发者提供了数据和接口。整个系统的开发完成了建模、仿真和测试。最后,将控制系统进行M2M实验验证,并将其与超声相控阵前端系统连接进行了试验测试,利用上位机程序实现了16通道相控阵的收发控制、A扫显示和数据存储,达到了预期要求。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic phased array detection technology is widely used in the ocean, railway, medical, industrial and other fields of nondestructive testing technology. Ultrasonic phased array system has a wide range of detection objects, high sensitivity, At the same time, compared with ordinary phased array, it also has the advantages of fast and flexible, good acoustic beam reachability, dynamic focusing, dynamic apodization and so on. The research of ultrasonic phased array system has also become a hot topic in domestic and foreign research and development in recent years. In this paper, the digital control system of ultrasonic phased array system is studied. Firstly, the composition of ultrasonic phased array and the basic detection principle are introduced. Then the algorithm of the control system and the design of the main function module are introduced. This paper introduces the design scheme of ultrasonic phased array control system in detail, with FPGA as the main control chip, focusing on transmitting beam control, focusing control, data receiving, data storage in ultrasonic phased array. Data transmission is developed based on FPGA, and the key modules such as SDRAM and asynchronous FIFO in FPGA are developed. The key technology of sparse matrix design in phased array is verified by matlab simulation. In order to control the system easily, a control platform based on MFC is developed, which can realize transceiver control, data transmission and image display. The PC and FPGA digital hardware control terminal are connected with USB2.0. At the same time, the whole control system has reserved the transmitting parameter interface for other developers, and also provided the data and interface for the developers who need to do the late DSP processing. The whole system has completed the modeling, simulation and testing. Finally, the control system is verified by M2m experiment, and connected with the ultrasonic phased array front-end system. The 16 channel phased array transceiver control scan display and data storage are realized by using the upper computer program, which meets the expected requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB553

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