复杂产品系统模块化关键技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-15 05:40

本文选题：复杂产品系统　切入点：模块化产品结构构建　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为衍生于大技术系统的新兴概念,复杂产品系统(Complex Products and Systems)在工程装备、航空航天等我国优先发展的战略领域当中,扮演着不可替代的重要角色。随着科技进步,复杂产品系统中与各子系统相关的技术演进不断加快,新兴顾客需求连续涌现,现有顾客需求持续变化,客观上要求复杂产品系统的研发效率需要不断提高,以应对复杂多变的市场环境。现有复杂产品系统的研究主要集中在概念特点阐释、创新机理探索和研发运作管理等与复杂产品系统全新研发相关的因素上,缺少在已有若干变型产品基础上,通过设计知识重用和修改进行改型设计以提高研发效率的研究。模块化设计被广泛应用于大规模定制领域,是通过产品结构、设计变量的规范化以提高产品研发效率的有效方法。与传统大规模定制产品相比,复杂产品系统具有高度复杂(包括功能复杂、子系统/零部件数量庞大等)和显著异质性(包括功能、原理、结构等异质性)等特点,而传统模块化设计理论中的技术方法难以有效应对这些特点。以提高已有复杂产品系统功能和结构标准化程度为动因,围绕复杂产品系统模块化产品结构的构建和模块参数取值规划总结出两个科学问题,重点研究复杂产品系统模块划分、模块划分方案评价和模块参数取值规划三个关键技术,用以构建复杂产品系统参数化模块结构,推动复杂产品系统结构从集成式结构向模块化结构的演进,提高复杂产品系统改型设计中设计知识的重用率和改型效率。主要包括以下研究内容:(1)阐释了复杂产品系统的概念、梳理了复杂产品系统的特点,总结了复杂产品系统和模块化设计理论的研究现状,分析了复杂产品系统设计理论研究特别是将模块化设计理论和方法应用到复杂产品系统时存在的问题,归纳了复杂产品系统模块化的相关技术,包括模块划分、模块划分方案评价及模块参数取值规划,回顾了相关研究进展和存在的不足。(2)提出了基于权重复杂网络社区发现技术的复杂产品系统模块划分方法。首先,提出了基于关联矩阵的复杂产品系统功能/结构异质性消减方法;其次,为构建复杂产品系统零部件权重复杂网络模型,将零部件映射为网络节点,零部件之间的关联关系和关联关系强度映射为权重复杂网络的边和边权,研究了功能和结构关系强度的定量化方法;最后,采用改进的GN算法实现复杂产品系统零部件权重复杂网络的社区结构发现,通过网络模块度的不同取值获取若干模块划分方案,形成方案集,为后续模块划分方案评价提供数据基础。(3)提出了基于区间直觉模糊理论的复杂产品系统模块划分方案评价方法。基于产品生命周期理论建立了复杂产品系统模块划分方案评价指标体系,基于指标间关联系数的标准偏差确定评价指标的权重,采用区间直觉模糊数表达评价结果,采用Karnik-Mendel算法实现其数学运算。引入区间直觉模糊交叉熵衡量区间直觉模糊集形式的备选方案和正/负理想解的相对贴近度,基于TOPSIS框架获取模块划分方案的排序,从而获得最终的模块划分方案,用以支持后续模块参数取值规划。(4)提出了基于顾客需求分布的复杂产品系统模块参数取值规划技术。在构建了复杂产品系统模块响应顾客需求的网络模型后,问题被剥离成三个阶段:首先,利用QFD对顾客需求进行调研和分析,确定与模块参数的取值范围;其次,采用模糊聚类方法实现顾客需求的聚类,通过聚类有效性指标确定最优的顾客需求聚类方案,顾客需求的聚类数即模块参数的取值个数;最后,通过提取顾客需求聚类中心的分布特征,综合所有相关顾客需求的分布特征可获取模块参数取值的分布特征,结合取值个数、取值范围和模块参数取值构建可供改型设计直接应用的复杂产品系统模块型谱。(5)将研究成果应用于典型产品,提供了应用示范。以大吨位履带起重机产品为应用对象,将研究成果应用于其模块化设计中。包括大吨位履带起重机模块产品架构的构建和模块参数的取值规划,其中前者又包括模块划分和模块划分方案评价。验证了所提的复杂产品系统模块化技术的可行性和有效性。本文为实现复杂产品系统模块化建立了完善的方法体系,为复杂产品系统的模块化产品结构构建和模块参数取值规划提供了技术方法支持,为该课题的进一步研究打下了基础,并结合企业实际将文中所提的技术方法应用到大吨位履带起重机产品的模块化设计案例当中,结合项目实施,取得了企业的认可。
[Abstract]:As a new concept derived from technological systems, complex product system (Complex Products and Systems) in engineering equipment, aerospace and other strategic areas of priority to the development of Chinas, plays an irreplaceable important role. With the progress of science and technology evolution and the subsystem of accelerating the complex product system, emerging customer needs continuous emergence of continuously changing existing customer demand, the objective requirements of complex product systems need to continuously improve the development efficiency, to deal with the complex and changeable market environment. The existing complex product system research mainly focus on the conception and characteristics of interpretation, research and explore the innovation mechanism of operation management and complex product system related factors on new development in several variants of the product, the lack of basis, through the study of design knowledge reuse and modify the retrofit design to improve the efficiency of research and development of the module. The design is widely used in the field of mass customization, the product structure, the effective methods of standardized design variables in order to improve the efficiency of product development. Compared with the traditional mass customization, complex product system is highly complex (including complex function, subsystem components / large number etc.) and significant heterogeneity (including function. The principle, structure and heterogeneity) characteristics, and the traditional modularization method in design theory is difficult to effectively deal with these features. In order to improve the existing system of complex product structure and function of the degree of standardization is the cause of construction of complex product system of modular product structure and value planning module parameters summed up two scientific problems around, study complex product system modules, module division and module planning scheme evaluation parameters of three key technologies, to build complex product and system parameter The module structure, promote the structure of complex product system structure evolution from the integrated structure to improve the knowledge module, the modified design of complex product system design in the reuse and modification efficiency. The main research contents include the following: (1) the concept of complex product system explains the characteristics of the comb complex product system, summarizes the research the status quo of complex product system and modular design theory, the research design theory of complex product system especially the problem will exist modular design theory and method is applied to the complex product system, summarizes the related technology products modular system is complex, including module partition, module partition scheme and parameter evaluation module value planning, review the research progress and problems. (2) proposed modules of complex product system technology that based on weighted complex network community. First of all,. The function / complex product system correlation matrix eliminating method based on structural heterogeneity; secondly, to construct the complex product system component weighted complex network model, the component mapping nodes, the relationship between components and relationships between intensity maps for the weighted complex network edges and the right side, on the quantitative method of strength the relationship between function and structure; finally, using the improved GN algorithm to realize community structure of complex product system components weighted complex network discovery, with different values of several access network module module partition scheme, the formation of the program set, for the subsequent evaluation of module partition scheme to provide data base. (3) proposed the evaluation scheme of complex products the system module based on the method of interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy theory. Based on theory of product life cycle assessment scheme of complex product system module is established to Standard system, standard deviation index correlation coefficient to determine the weights of evaluation indexes based on the interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy number expression evaluation results, Karnik-Mendel algorithm is used to realize the arithmetic. Introducing the interval valued intuitionistic interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets to measure alternative forms and positive / negative ideal solution of relative closeness degree of fuzzy cross entropy, TOPSIS frame acquisition module partition scheme based sorting, so as to obtain the final scheme, used to support the follow-up module parameter planning. (4) proposed the module of complex product system based on customer demand distribution parameter value planning technology. After the construction of complex product system module response network model of customer demand, the problem was stripped three stage: firstly, research and analysis of customer requirements using QFD, determine the range and module parameters; secondly, using fuzzy clustering method to realize the Gu Clustering of customer demand, customer needs determine the optimum clustering scheme through clustering validity index, clustering number of customer demand value of one module parameters; finally, through the distribution of feature extraction of customer demand cluster centers, distribution of integrated distribution of all relevant customer needs can obtain module parameters, combined with the value of a number complex product system modular construction, for the retrofit design of direct application range and module parameters of spectrum. (5) based on the research results of typical products, provide a demonstration. The large tonnage crawler crane products as research object, based on the research results of the modular design. The value of planning including the construction of large tonnage crawler crane module product architecture and module parameters, which includes module division and module evaluation. The proposed complex product system The feasibility and effectiveness of the modular technology. This paper established a method system for complex product modularization, provide technical support for the construction method of modular product structure of complex product system and module parameters for the project planning, further research to lay the foundation, combined with the actual application technology of the method proposed in this paper to a modular design case of large tonnage crawler crane products, combined with the implementation of the project, has been recognized by companies.

【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB472

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