基于稻壳的有机硅制备及其膜材料热性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 01:23

  本文选题：稻壳硅　切入点：2-甲基-2　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：化石能源的开发与利用,推动了社会的发展与进步,但化石能源作为不可再生资源,日渐枯竭,同时造成的环境污染日益严重。而作为可再生资源的稻壳吸引了越来越多的关注。稻壳作为可再生资源的一种,具有产量大、可再生、成本低等特点,同时稻壳中含有大量的无定形硅,以稻壳中的无定形硅作为硅源,来代替传统硅源,不仅解决了稻壳的环境污染问题,而且其无定形硅的高比表面积、高反应活性,采用稻壳作为硅源制备有机硅具有极大的研究价值。本文以稻壳为硅源制备了含有Si-O-C结构的2-甲基-2,4戊硅氧烷溶胶,通过红外、质谱对其进行表征,并推理其反应机理。同时合成不同官能团的POSS溶胶,来制备2-甲基-2,4戊硅氧烷/POSS复合膜层,经过试验得出当POSS含量为60%时,复合膜层的耐热性较好,约为500℃。在制备复合膜层中,2-甲基-2,4戊硅氧烷溶胶改善了POSS单独涂覆时膜层易碎裂的问题,两者在成膜过程中相互交联提升了膜层的耐热性能。为了增强膜层的应用性,提高膜层的耐热性和抗热震性能,本文中采用添加低温釉料来对复合膜层进行改性,通过实验确定了复合膜层原料与低温釉配比为1:2时,其膜层成膜性较好,1000℃下抗热震次数达到29次。通过对膜层进行热重、红外测试分析膜层在烧结过程中结构及化学成分的变化,并通过XRD分析辅助推理其耐高温机理。为了使低温釉料改性的膜层性能进一步提高,具有更好的热防护性能。本文通过在膜层中掺杂高发射无机物MoSi2和Co2O3来提高膜层的抗红外发射能力。本论文探究了单组分对膜层的成膜性的影响及掺杂高发射组分后膜层的抗热震性能,并通过XRD测试,探究了膜层在烧结过程中MoSi2和Co2O3的化学变化。最终通过高发射测试,证明了MoSi2和Co2O3在高温处理后,两者相互反应产生新的晶相,对膜层的发射率及抗热震性能都有显著的提升,膜层在20μm-25μm波段发射率高达0.96。最终制备得到了具有高发射性能的热防护膜层。
[Abstract]:The development and utilization of fossil energy has promoted the development and progress of society, but as a non-renewable resource, fossil energy is gradually exhausted. At the same time, the environmental pollution caused by rice husk has attracted more and more attention. As a kind of renewable resources, rice husk has the characteristics of large yield, renewable, low cost and so on. At the same time, there are a lot of amorphous silicon in rice husk. Using amorphous silicon in rice husk as silicon source, it not only solves the problem of environmental pollution of rice husk, but also has high specific surface area and high reactive activity of amorphous silicon. The preparation of organosilicon with rice husk as silicon source is of great value. In this paper, 2-methyl-2-methyl-2-pentylsiloxane sol containing Si-O-C structure was prepared by using rice husk as silicon source and characterized by IR and MS. The reaction mechanism was deduced. At the same time, POSS sol with different functional groups was synthesized to prepare 2-methyl-2na-4-pentylsiloxane / poss composite film. The experimental results showed that the heat resistance of the composite film was better when the content of POSS was 60%. About 500 鈩，

本文编号：1617713