主动约束层阻尼结构的鲁棒控制方法与实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 05:13

本文选题：主动约束层阻尼　切入点：有限元法　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：主动约束层阻尼（Active Constrained Layer Damping,ACLD）技术是以智能压电材料代替传统约束层阻尼结构中的约束层，通过压电约束层主动控制粘弹性材料的剪切变形，达到主动调节结构振动能量耗散的目的。它是一种典型的主、被动一体化振动控制方法，在结构振动控制方面展示了极其广阔的应用前景。本文采用有限元法，建立主动约束层阻尼结构的动力学模型，引用GHM模型描述粘弹性材料的力学性能，通过仿真和实验研究，提出了主动约束层阻尼结构的振动控制方法。论文主要工作内容如下： ①基于弹性、粘弹性和压电材料的本构关系，以GHM模型表征粘弹性材料随频率变化的力学特性，并与有限元法相结合，利用Hamilton原理和虚功方程，建立了平面薄板的主动约束层阻尼动力学模型。 ②采用GHM模型与有限元方法结合建立的系统动力学模型自由度庞大，不利于控制器设计。利用高精度动力缩聚法和平衡降阶法相结合的联合降阶法对建立的动力学模型进行降阶处理，获得了自由度维数低、具备可控性、可观性特点的动力学模型。通过对比降阶前后的固有特性，证明了降阶方法的正确性。 ③考虑压电材料的机电耦合效应，对局部覆盖ACLD结构的悬臂板进行主动振动控制研究，，设计了PD控制器和混合灵敏度H鲁棒控制器，并进行了理论仿真分析。研究表明：ACLD结构具有良好的作动能力和较强的振动响应抑制能力；采用相同的控制电压，基于混合灵敏度H鲁棒控制算法的ACLD结构减振效果更好，且具备良好的鲁棒性。 ④对主动约束层阻尼板进行了模态实验和振动主动控制实验。测试了悬臂ACLD板的模态，验证了本文建立的有限元动力学模型的正确性；以ACLD板为研究对象，采用混合灵敏度H鲁棒控制方法，完成了基于dSPACE系统的闭环反馈控制，实验验证了控制器设计的有效性。
[Abstract]:Active Constrained Layer damping (ACLD) technology uses intelligent piezoelectric material to replace the constrained layer in the traditional constrained layer damping structure, and the shear deformation of viscoelastic material is controlled by the piezoelectric constrained layer actively.To achieve the purpose of actively regulating the vibration energy dissipation of the structure.It is a typical active and passive integrated vibration control method, which shows a very broad application prospect in structural vibration control.In this paper, the dynamic model of active constrained layer damping structure is established by using finite element method, and the mechanical properties of viscoelastic material are described by GHM model. The vibration control method of active constrained layer damping structure is proposed by simulation and experimental research.The main contents of the thesis are as follows:1 based on the constitutive relations of elastic, viscoelastic and piezoelectric materials, the GHM model is used to characterize the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials varying with the frequency, and combined with the finite element method, the Hamilton principle and the virtual work equation are used.A dynamic model of active constrained layer damping for planar thin plates is established.(2) the system dynamics model based on GHM model and finite element method has a large degree of freedom, which is unfavorable to the controller design.The dynamic model is reduced by the combination of high precision dynamic condensation method and equilibrium reduction method. The dynamic model with low degree of freedom dimension, controllability and observability is obtained.The correctness of the order reduction method is proved by comparing the inherent characteristics before and after reduction.(3) considering the electromechanical coupling effect of piezoelectric materials, active vibration control of cantilever plate with partially covered ACLD structure is studied. PD controller and H robust controller with mixed sensitivity are designed, and theoretical simulation is carried out.The results show that the ACLD structure with the same control voltage and mixed sensitivity H-robust control algorithm has better vibration reduction performance and better robustness.(4) Modal experiment and vibration active control experiment of the damping plate with active restraint layer are carried out.The modal of the cantilever ACLD plate is tested to verify the correctness of the finite element dynamic model established in this paper. Taking the ACLD plate as the research object, the closed-loop feedback control based on the dSPACE system is completed by using the mixed sensitivity H-robust control method.The effectiveness of the controller design is verified by experiments.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535.1;U462

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