基于偏振光谱成像的目标检测技术

发布时间：2018-04-03 13:45

本文选题：偏振光谱成像　切入点：目标检测　出处：《长春理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在遥感探测中,能有效的将伪装目标从复杂背景中检测出来,具有重要的研究意义。成像是目标检测的主要信息获取方式。传统的目标检测方法是分析探测区域的可见光图像从而找出伪装目标,但单一的光强成像由于受环境影响大,信息量小,所以具有很多的局限性。而偏振光谱成像技术可以同时获取被测目标的偏振、光谱、空间等多元信息,能有效提高复杂环境中的目标辨识度,已经成为目标检测领域一个崭新的研究方向。为了提高目标检测的辨识度,本文研究了基于偏振光谱成像的目标检测技术,在充分研究偏振光谱成像理论的基础上,构建了一种结构简单、成本较低、易于集成的多光谱、分时调制的全偏振成像系统。该系统利用液晶可变相位延迟器(LCVR)代替传统的电机带动λ/4波片旋转,并结合液晶调谐滤光片(LCTF)进行光谱波段调谐,在可见光与近红外波段上快速实现对入射光的全偏振态柔性调制,从而完成目标的全偏振光谱成像检测。文中重点阐述了分时调制偏振成像探测机理,给出了基于偏振光谱成像目标检测系统的总体设计方案,从光学偏振调制单元、图像采集传输单元和图像处理软件平台三个方面展开了相应的硬件电路设计与软件设计,并通过室内目标成像探测实验,实现了目标偏振光谱图像的自动获取。在实验部分,本文主要对选用的偏振光调制器进行了实验标定,给出了LCVR相位延迟量的标定方法,采用消光的方式对电控旋转偏振片的偏振化方向进行了标定。最后,利用设计好的偏振光谱成像系统完成了目标偏振成像实验和目标光谱特性探测实验。实验表明该偏振光谱成像系统可有效提高目标辨识度、凸显目标表面纹理特征。
[Abstract]:In remote sensing detection, the camouflage target can be effectively detected from the complex background, which has important research significance.Imaging is the main information acquisition method for target detection.The traditional method of target detection is to analyze the visible light image in the detection area to find out the camouflage target, but the single light intensity imaging has many limitations because of the influence of the environment and the small amount of information.Polarimetric spectral imaging technology can simultaneously obtain the polarization, spectrum, space and other multi-information, which can effectively improve the target identification in complex environment, and has become a new research direction in the field of target detection.In order to improve the identification degree of target detection, this paper studies the target detection technology based on polarizing optical spectral imaging. Based on the study of polarizing spectrum imaging theory, a multi-spectrum with simple structure, low cost and easy integration is constructed.Time-sharing modulation full polarization imaging system.The system uses liquid crystal variable phase delay (LCVR) instead of traditional motor to drive 位 / 4 wave plate rotation, and combines with liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) to perform spectral band tuning.In the visible and near infrared bands, the fully polarized flexible modulation of the incident light can be realized quickly, and the detection of the fully polarized light spectrum of the target can be completed.In this paper, the detection mechanism of time-sharing modulation polarization imaging is expounded, and the overall design scheme of the target detection system based on polarizing spectrum imaging is presented.The corresponding hardware circuit design and software design are carried out in three aspects of image acquisition and transmission unit and image processing software platform, and the automatic acquisition of target polarizing spectrum image is realized through indoor target imaging detection experiment.In the experiment part, the polarizing light modulator is calibrated, the calibration method of LCVR phase delay is given, and the polarization direction of electrically controlled rotating polarizer is calibrated by extinction method.Finally, the polarization imaging experiment and the target spectral characteristic detection experiment are completed by using the designed polarizing spectrum imaging system.Experiments show that the polarizing spectral imaging system can effectively improve the target identification and highlight the texture features of the target surface.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP751

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