寒旱环境草本与灌木植物单根拉伸试验强度特征研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 21:08

本文选题：寒旱环境 + 草本植物　；参考：《工程地质学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：为进一步探讨寒旱环境植物护坡力学效应,本项研究在自建试验区选取了适宜于当地气候条件下生长的乡土草本和灌木植物共5种作为供试种,并分别对其进行了单根拉伸试验,较为系统地分析了5种草本和灌木植物根系的强度特征。试验结果表明:5种草本和灌木植物其单根抗拉力分别随根径增大而增大,两者之间呈幂函数关系;同时,其单根抗拉强度表现出随根径的增加呈减小的规律,且两者间具有幂函数关系;草本植物垂穗披碱草单根抗拉强度大于细茎冰草,而灌木单根抗拉强度由大至小依次为柠条锦鸡儿、霸王、白刺。此外,对比分析生长期为1a和2a的3种灌木单根拉伸试验的应力-应变关系曲线得出,灌木植物单根在拉伸试验阶段初期,应力-应变之间呈线性关系,表现出弹性材料特性;至试验的中期和后期阶段时应力-应变之间呈非线性关系,表现出弹塑性材料特性;进一步研究表明灌木单根的最大伸长率随着生长期的增加呈下降趋势。该研究成果在防治研究区浅层滑坡、水土流失等地质灾害,以及保护区域生态地质环境等方面具有重要理论研究价值和实际指导意义。
[Abstract]:In order to further study the mechanical effects of slope protection of plants in cold and drought environments, five local herbs and shrub plants suitable for local climatic conditions were selected for trial planting in the self-built experimental area. The strength characteristics of the roots of five herbs and shrub plants were systematically analyzed by single root tensile test. The results showed that the single root tensile strength of 5 species of herbs and shrubs increased with the increase of root diameter and showed a power function relationship, and the tensile strength of one root decreased with the increase of root diameter. The tensile strength of single root of Herba Herbacea was higher than that of Icetum tenuifolia, while the tensile strength of single root of shrubs was Caragana korshinskii, Caragana korshinskii and Spurs chinensis in the order of large to small. In addition, the stress-strain relationship curves of three kinds of shrubs with a growth period of 1a and 2a were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the stress-strain relationship was linear in the early stage of the tensile test, showing the characteristics of elastic materials. At the middle and late stages of the experiment, there was a nonlinear relationship between stress-strain and elastic-plastic material properties, and further studies showed that the maximum elongation of single root of shrubs decreased with the increase of growth period. The research results have important theoretical research value and practical guiding significance in preventing and controlling shallow landslide, soil erosion and other geological disasters, as well as protecting regional ecological geological environment.
【作者单位】：青海大学地质工程系;中国科学院青海盐湖研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41162010,41572306) 青海省自然科学基金项目(2014-ZJ-906) 长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室开放基金(CHD2011SY016)资助
【分类号】：X141;P642

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