三维可视化环境下地下矿爆破设计优化方法及应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 17:03

本文选题：三维可视化 + 实体建模　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在矿山企业进行采矿作业的一系列采矿工艺中,爆破有着重要的地位。爆破的效果直接影响着矿山生产过程中一系列后续工艺的效率(如铲装、运输、机械破碎等)和总的经济效益,也影响着矿山的生产安全。随着三维可视化技术及实体建模理论的飞速发展,地下采场的内部结构已经十分清晰,三维可视化环境下的地下矿爆破技术也开始逐渐发展。本文包含如下几个方面:三维地质实体建模相关理论及关键技术、地下爆破设计体系结构、地下扇形孔爆破优化设计和地下平行孔爆破优化设计。其中,三维地质实体建模相关理论及关键技术包括地下爆破的三维实体功能要求和表面模型、块段模型、巷道模型等地下矿三维数据模型的建模技术;地下爆破设计体系结构分析了地下爆破设计系统,介绍了系统开发的环境与平台、系统体系结构和系统模块;地下扇形孔爆破优化设计介绍了扇形孔爆破设计流程与扇形孔的数据管理形式,提出了控制矿体边界损失贫化的方法,该方法根据三维矿体模型获取矿体边界处的矿岩分界线,确定爆破后冲线的若干采样位置后,分别计算不同采样位置下的矿石的损失率和贫化率,再根据损失贫化要求确定地下爆破设计中爆破后冲线的目标位置,并用工程实例说明其可行性,最后以北m:河矿山为例,实现了地下矿扇形孔的爆破方案;地下平行孔爆破优化设计介绍了平行孔爆破设计流程和基于红黑树的炮孔数据管理,介绍了平行孔的几种布孔方式及布孔流程,实现了测试直线与实体表面相交的算法,该方法根据分离轴理论快速检测两个OBB盒是否相交,从而判断炮孔与孔底网面是否相交,以修正平行孔孔底位置,最后以冬瓜山矿床为例,进行了地下平行孔爆破方案的设计。地下矿爆破设计的优化研究成果,提高了爆破设计数据的准确性,也提高了工程师、矿山技术人员的工作效率,具有较好的实用价值与广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Blasting plays an important role in a series of mining processes in mining enterprises. The effect of blasting directly affects the efficiency of a series of subsequent processes (such as shoveling, transportation, mechanical crushing, etc.) and the overall economic benefits in the process of mine production, and also affects the safety of mine production. With the rapid development of 3D visualization technology and solid modeling theory, the internal structure of underground stope has been very clear, and the underground mine blasting technology has been gradually developed in 3D visual environment. This paper includes the following aspects: 3D geological entity modeling theory and key technologies, underground blasting design system structure, underground fan hole blasting optimization design and underground parallel hole blasting optimization design. Among them, the relevant theories and key technologies of 3D geological entity modeling include 3D solid function requirement of underground blasting and modeling technology of surface model, block model, roadway model and other 3D data model of underground mine. The underground blasting design system is analyzed, and the environment and platform of the system development, system architecture and system module are introduced. The optimum design of underground fan hole blasting introduces the design flow of sector hole blasting and the data management form of sector hole, and puts forward a method to control the loss and dilution of ore body boundary. According to the 3D orebody model, the ore rock boundary line at the ore body boundary is obtained by this method. After determining some sampling positions of the blasting punching line, the loss rate and dilution rate of the ore at different sampling positions are calculated respectively, and then the target position of the blasting post-punching line in the underground blasting design is determined according to the loss dilution requirements. Finally, the blasting scheme of fan hole in underground mine is realized, and the design flow of parallel hole blasting and the data management of blasting hole based on red-black tree are introduced. This paper introduces several methods and flow chart of parallel hole layout, and realizes the algorithm of measuring the intersection of straight line and solid surface. According to the separation axis theory, the method can quickly detect the intersection of two OBB boxes and judge whether the hole and the bottom mesh of the hole are intersecting. Taking the position of parallel hole bottom modified and taking the Dongguashan deposit as an example, the design of underground parallel hole blasting scheme is carried out. The optimized research results of blasting design in underground mines have improved the accuracy of blasting design data and the working efficiency of engineers and mine technicians. It has good practical value and broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD235

【参考文献】