封闭空间噪声的智能单元分布控制机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 23:18

本文选题：有源结构声控制 + 封闭空腔　；参考：《东南大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：封闭空间噪声的有源控制及其工程应用问题,多年来一直都是学界和工程界关注的一个研究热点。由于实际中的封闭空间内大都存在着耦合声场,并且有源控制系统具有分布式特点,使得有源控制的整体架构变得更为复杂,而且整体控制效率不高。同时,实践中封闭空间内的声场可能会随时发生改变或者控制器发生故障,这时普通的有源系统由于智能性、灵活性不够,控制效果可能适得其反。因此,研究复杂整体控制架构和智能单元的分布协调控制问题,并高效地对腔内声场进行降噪就变得尤为重要。本文对封闭空间内噪声的智能单元分布控制机制进行了研究,将多主体系统MAS分布控制的理论应用到封闭空腔有源结构声控制中。提出由两个弹性板构成的封闭空腔模型；并对封闭空腔内结构-声耦合系统进行了分析；优化了作动器控制力的复强度以及作动器的位置参数,并且从全局控制与局部控制两方面进行了比对,给出了传感器个数的一般选择原则；研究了MAS在封闭空间噪声有源控制系统的实现,对噪声控制Agent智能单元的结构进行了分析；并对MAS中的各个Agent操作域进行了设计；对MAS中的Agent单元之间进行交互通信在噪声有源控制系统中的应用进行了探讨,对基于改进合同网协议的多Agent协作机制进行了研究；最后给出了基于MAS的封闭空间有源控制系统的Agent单元之间协作的流程。建立了基于MAS的封闭空间智能单元分布控制的系统框架,并进行了仿真。最后,在dSPACE/Simulink平台搭建了试验台架进行了MAS试验,表明基于MAS的封闭空间噪声的智能单元分布控制取得了较佳的控制效果。论文主要研究内容和创新点如下：1.以两块弹性板组成的矩形封闭空腔结构-声耦合声学模型为研究对象,采用声弹性法推导了空腔内结构-声耦合场特性和弹性板表面振动的理论模型。建立了以降低腔内全局总平均声势能为控制目标的二次型函数,并给了最佳次级力源强度和最大降噪量计算公式。并对分别在受激弹性板和辐射弹性板上布置次级作动器的控制仿真结果进行了比较,表明作动器的位置布放与初级激励以及腔内声场密切相关,否则容易引起控制溢出问题。2.对多作动器对弹性板结构-声耦合噪声场的控制性能和机理进行了研究,针对两块弹性板结构,对作动器的控制力的复强度进行了优化；首次提出了根据受激弹性板上声压级分布轮廓的方法对次级作动器的位置参数进行了优化；同时从全局声势能和局部声压级角度,对次级作动器的数量提出了选择原则,为实际工程应用中作动器的选择提供理论基础。3.将MAS分布协同控制策略应用到封闭空间噪声的智能单元分布控制中,由于封闭空间噪声的有源控制的分布特点,与MAS系统有着天生的契合度。首先设计了MAS中的噪声控制Agent,并给出了Agent操作域的多种的设计方法。为设计基于MAS的封闭空腔噪声的智能单元分布控制系统框架奠定了基础。4.研究了MAS间多Agent的协作,对MAS的协作这个核心问题,进行了详细的分析与设计,分别设计了黑板模型协作、经典合同网协议协作和改进合同网协议的协作方法。将信任机制以及投标筛选策略引入了经典合同网协议,并设计了MAS有源控制系统的基于改进合同网协议的协作流程。5.对多Agent间的交互通信进行了研究,对KQML原语进行了分析与扩展,使之适应MAS间的通信。并首次将KQML应用到封闭空间噪声的有源控制MAS系统,并使用KQML原语编写了MAS间Agent之间的协作过程。6.设计了噪声控制器Agent、PZT和传声器构造的相当于智能单元的Agent控制单元,来对封闭空腔进行有源结构声控制,并基于改进CNP协议建立了基于MAS的分布控制框架,并进行了仿真,结果表明MAS的分布控制效果明显。7.在dSPACE及Matlab/Simulink在环实时控制平台上搭建了试验台架,实现了基于MAS的封闭空腔智能单元分布控制系统,在给定初级激励的相关参数的条件下,对封闭声腔实施了双通道的基于MAS的有源结构声控制,取得了较好的试验效果,证明了将MAS应用到封闭空间智能单元分布控制系统的有效性。
[Abstract]:Active control and engineering application of closed space noise have been a hot topic in the academic and engineering fields for many years. Because most of the closed spaces exist in the closed space, and the active control system has distributed characteristics, the overall structure of the active control system becomes more complex and the whole control is controlled. At the same time, the sound field in the closed space may change at any time in the practice or the controller may fail at any time. At this time, the common active system is intelligent, the flexibility is not enough, and the control effect may be counterproductive. Therefore, the distribution coordination control problem of the complex integral control structure and the intelligent energy unit is studied, and the cavity is highly effective. The noise reduction in the internal sound field is particularly important. This paper studies the intelligent unit distribution control mechanism of the noise in the closed space, and applies the theory of the MAS distribution control of the multi-agent system to the closed cavity active structure sound control. The closed cavity model composed of two elastic plates is proposed and the structure acoustic coupling in the closed cavity is used. The combined system is analyzed, the complex strength of the actuator control force and the position parameters of the actuator are optimized, and the general selection principle of the number of sensors is given from the two aspects of the global control and the local control. The realization of the active control system of the closed space noise and the Agent intelligent unit for the noise control are studied by the MAS. The structure of MAS is analyzed, and each Agent operating domain in MAS is designed. The application of interactive communication between Agent units in MAS is discussed, and the multi Agent cooperative mechanism based on improved contract network protocol is studied. Finally, a closed space active based on MAS is given. The process of cooperation between Agent units of the control system. A system framework of distributed control of the closed space intelligent unit based on MAS is established and simulated. Finally, a test platform is built on the dSPACE/Simulink platform and the MAS test is carried out. It shows that the intelligent unit distribution control of the closed space noise based on MAS has obtained better control. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. the theoretical model of the structure acoustic coupling field and the surface vibration of the elastic plate in the cavity is derived by the acoustic elastic method, which is composed of two elastic plates. The overall mean sound potential energy of the cavity is established to control the overall sound potential energy of the cavity. The two order function of the target is made, and the formula for the optimum secondary force and the maximum noise reduction is given. The comparison of the control simulation results of the secondary actuator arranged on the stimulated elastic plate and the radiant elastic plate is made. The results show that the placement of the actuator and the primary excitation are closely related to the sound field of the cavity, otherwise it is easy to cause control. The control performance and mechanism of the multi actuator on the acoustic coupling noise field of the elastic plate structure are studied by.2.. The complex strength of the control force of the actuator is optimized for two elastic plate structures. The position parameters of the secondary actuator are proposed for the first time on the basis of the profile of the acoustic pressure level distribution wheel on the excited elastic plate. At the same time, the selection principle is put forward for the number of secondary actuators from the global sound potential and the local sound pressure level, which provides a theoretical basis for the selection of actuators in practical engineering applications..3. applies the MAS distribution cooperative control strategy to the intelligent unit distribution control of closed space noise, because the active noise is closed to the closed space. The distribution characteristics of control have a natural fit with the MAS system. First, the noise control Agent in MAS is designed, and a variety of design methods of the Agent operating domain are given. The basis for designing the framework of the intelligent unit distribution control system based on MAS for the closed cavity noise is established..4. has studied the cooperation of multi Agent between MAS and the collaboration of MAS. A detailed analysis and design are carried out. The cooperation method of blackboard model cooperation, classic contract network protocol cooperation and improved contract network protocol are designed respectively. The trust mechanism and tender screening strategy are introduced into the classic contract network protocol, and the cooperative process based on the improved contract network protocol based on the MAS active control system is designed. .5. studies the interactive communication between multiple Agent, analyzes and extends the KQML primitives to adapt to the communication between MAS, and applies KQML to the active control MAS system of closed space noise for the first time, and uses KQML primitives to write a cooperative process between Agent between MAS and.6., which is designed for Agent, PZT and microphone. It is equivalent to the Agent control unit of the intelligent unit to control the active structure of the closed cavity. Based on the improved CNP protocol, a distributed control framework based on MAS is set up, and the simulation results show that the distribution control effect of the MAS is obvious.7. in dSPACE and Matlab/Simulink on the ring real time control platform. A closed cavity intelligent unit distributed control system based on MAS is used. Under the given parameters of primary excitation, a two channel active structure acoustic control based on MAS is implemented on the closed sound cavity, and a better experimental result is obtained. It is proved that the application of MAS to the distributed control system of closed space intelligence unit is effective.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB53

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