跌落冲击测试系统设计与EPE缓冲隔振性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:22

本文选题：缓冲 + 跌落　；参考：《太原科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在物流过程中，冲击和振动是造成产品破损的主要原因。传统研究大都将缓冲包装系统简化为单自由度或线性系统，但缓冲包装材料的非线性特征造成理论研究结果与实际情况不符。基于经典包装动力学理论，本文研发了跌落冲击测试系统以研究典型包装材料的跌落缓冲特性，结合振动试验台对照研究了发泡聚乙烯的缓冲特性和隔振特性，建立了发泡聚乙烯的缓冲特性和隔振粘弹性多项式正切模型。论文第二章基于经典包装动力学缓冲理论，研发了跌落冲击测试系统。该系统采用整体框架式机械结构，通过modbus协议使上位机和PLC通讯实现运动过程控制，通过数据采集卡实现数据采集，采用多级数字滤波技术进行数据滤波处理，对数据处理后可得到缓冲包装材料的缓冲特性曲线及冲击谱。该系统采集自由跌落冲击过程中加速度信号，并对其进行处理，完整记录整个跌落过程特性，为进一步研究缓冲材料的本构模型提供了基础。第三章中，利用上述实验系统研究了发泡聚乙烯材料的跌落缓冲特性，基于粘弹性理论建立其跌落缓冲本构模型，进而建立考虑弹性易损件的缓冲包装系统动力学模型，研究了发泡聚乙烯材料在包装产品跌落缓冲过程的防护特性及易损件的动力学行为。研究表明，发泡聚乙烯缓冲衬垫的结构尺寸对易损件响应影响巨大，且缓冲包装产品的破损边界呈现“√”形状。根据缓冲包装设计要求，提出综合考虑经济性和安全性的概念，并引入系数表征经济性和安全性两者关系的权衡参数，在破损边界区域利用线性插值方法权衡两者的关系。作为对照研究，第四章研究了振动冲击下发泡聚乙烯的隔振本构模型，构建了四分之一车辆运输模型，研究了采用路面随机激励作为输入条件下的车载包装产品的动力学响应。研究表明，发泡聚乙烯衬垫的结构尺寸对易损件的响应同样影响非常大，且发泡聚乙烯材料最佳结构尺寸集中在破损边界内某个区域范围内，，一定条件下适当增加衬垫面积可有效增强缓冲包装产品的防护能力。本文同时研究了跌落冲击缓冲和运输隔振缓冲，基本涵盖了产品包装物流的主要过程，为精确设计缓冲、隔振及效果评价提供了理论依据和实验方法。
[Abstract]:In the process of logistics, shock and vibration are the main causes of product breakage. The traditional research mostly simplifies the cushioning packaging system as a single degree of freedom or linear system, but the nonlinear characteristics of the cushioning packaging materials cause the theoretical research results to be inconsistent with the actual situation. Based on the classical packaging dynamics theory, a drop impact testing system was developed to study the drop buffering characteristics of typical packaging materials, and the damping and vibration isolation characteristics of foamed polyethylene were compared with the vibration test bench. The cushioning characteristics of foamed polyethylene and the polynomial tangent model of viscoelastic vibration isolation were established. In the second chapter, based on the classical packaging dynamic buffer theory, a drop impact testing system is developed. The system adopts the integral frame mechanical structure, realizes the motion process control by the communication between the host computer and the PLC through modbus protocol, realizes the data acquisition through the data acquisition card, and adopts the multistage digital filtering technology to process the data. The buffering characteristic curve and shock spectrum of cushioning packaging material can be obtained after data processing. The system collects and processes the acceleration signal during the free drop impact process, and records the characteristics of the whole drop process completely, which provides the basis for the further study of the constitutive model of the buffer material. In chapter 3, the drop cushioning properties of foamed polyethylene are studied by using the above experimental system. Based on the viscoelastic theory, the drop buffer constitutive model is established, and the dynamic model of cushioning packaging system considering elastic and lossy parts is established. The protective properties of foamed polyethylene materials and the dynamic behavior of vulnerable parts were studied. The results show that the structural size of the cushioning pad of foamed polyethylene has a great influence on the response of the vulnerable parts, and the damaged boundary of the cushioning packaging products presents the shape of "square". According to the design requirements of cushioning packaging, the concept of economy and safety is proposed, and the trade-off parameter of coefficient is introduced to describe the relationship between economy and safety, and the linear interpolation method is used to weigh the relationship between the two in the damaged boundary area. As a comparative study, the fourth chapter studies the vibration isolation constitutive model of foamed polyethylene under vibration shock, constructs the 1/4 vehicle transport model, and studies the dynamic response of the vehicle packaging product under the condition of random excitation of road surface as input condition. The results show that the structural size of foamed polyethylene liner also has a great influence on the response of the damaged parts, and the optimum structure size of the foamed polyethylene material is concentrated in a certain area within the damage boundary. Under certain conditions, the protective ability of cushioning packaging products can be effectively enhanced by increasing the area of cushioning. This paper also studies drop impact buffer and transportation vibration isolation buffer, which basically covers the main process of product packaging logistics, and provides theoretical basis and experimental method for accurate design of buffer, vibration isolation and effect evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB535.1

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