在线超声波管壁厚度测量技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 19:53

本文选题：超声波 + 管道壁厚　；参考：《河北联合大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代工业快速的发展，管道的应用也越来越广泛，几乎遍布了生产的各个环节，因此对管道进行必要的检测和维护来保证管道的使用安全也变得越来越重要。由于目前国内外针对内部结垢问题大都采用的是人工定期拆管检查，这样的检测方式不仅效率低，而且直接影响生产生活，同时还增加了企业的成本。超声波测厚技术是检测行业厚度测量工程中的一个重要部分，，有效且快捷地完成厚度的测量是保证企业生产质量、效率和安全的核心环节之一。国内外采用涡流、激光、射线等方法来进行厚度的测量，这些方法在实际使用时需要解决很多问题，应用范围小，而且对管道内部生成垢层等形成多层介质厚度的测量都难以实现，因此研究一种简易、高效、在线测量厚度的测量技术对工业工程中需要在线测厚的管道或其它设备具有十分重要的意义。针对管道存在的内部检测问题，考虑到只需要准确地测量出超声波在不同介质层传播的时间以及各层介质层之间传播的时间差即可通过计算得到各介质层的厚度值,通过在管道外部安装检测设备来实现对管道内部情况的检测，满足企业生产生活要求的指标。首先叙述了课题的相关背景以及测厚技术的国内外发展现状，分析研究了目前常用的几种检测方法的优缺点。其次叙述了超声波的检测原理以及测厚的基础理论，通过对超声波物理性质和传播特性的研究，提出了利用超声波对管道内部介质层厚度进行测量的方法，并设计了进行测量的实验方案。最后叙述了实际试验验证实验方案的过程，利用现有设备和试件进行了实际的模拟实验，并通过对模拟实验获得的数据整理和计算，验证了实验方案的可行性和可信性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, the application of pipelines is becoming more and more extensive, almost all parts of production, so the necessary inspection and maintenance of pipelines to ensure the safety of pipelines has become more and more important. At present, most of the problems of internal fouling at home and abroad are controlled by manual periodic inspection, which is not only inefficient, but also directly affects the production and life, and increases the cost of the enterprise at the same time. The ultrasonic thickness measurement technology is an important part of the thickness measurement engineering in the testing industry. The effective and fast thickness measurement is one of the core links to ensure the production quality, efficiency and safety of the enterprise. Eddy current, laser, ray and other methods are used to measure thickness at home and abroad. Many problems need to be solved when these methods are used in practice, and the scope of application is small. Moreover, it is difficult to measure the thickness of multi-layer medium, such as the formation of scale layer inside the pipeline, so it is easy and efficient to study a new kind of medium. The technique of measuring thickness on line is very important to the pipeline or other equipments which need to measure thickness on line in industrial engineering. In view of the internal inspection problem of pipeline, considering that the time of ultrasonic wave propagating in different media layers and the time difference between them can be calculated by calculating the thickness of each medium layer. Through the installation of inspection equipment outside the pipeline to achieve the detection of the internal situation of the pipeline to meet the requirements of production and life indicators. Firstly, the background of the subject and the development status of thickness measurement technology at home and abroad are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of several commonly used detection methods are analyzed and studied. Secondly, the principle of ultrasonic testing and the basic theory of thickness measurement are described. By studying the physical properties and propagation characteristics of ultrasonic wave, the method of measuring the thickness of dielectric layer inside the pipe by ultrasonic wave is put forward. The experimental scheme of measurement is designed. In the end, the process of verification of the experimental scheme is described, and the feasibility and credibility of the experimental scheme are verified by collating and calculating the data obtained from the simulation experiment by using the existing equipment and the specimen.
【学位授予单位】：河北联合大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB553

【参考文献】