仿生非光滑油缸密封圈的减阻特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 03:27

本文选题：油缸密封圈 + 仿生非光滑表面　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：油缸作为液压技术中不可或缺的执行元件,其密封圈密封性能和摩擦阻力是制约着液压技术发展的关键因素。因此,提高密封性能的同时减小摩擦阻力,对提高密封圈使用寿命和油缸工作效率有着重要的工程实际意义。将仿生学原理及减阻技术应用到橡胶圈密封技术中达到减小密封接触物体之间的摩擦阻力和节约能源的目的已经成为一种崭新的研究领域。本文从仿生学角度出发,以黄缘真龙虱等体表特征的非光滑表面形态为生物原型,以活塞油缸密封圈为研究对象,建立具有仿生凹坑三角形组合的非光滑表面密封圈密封及减阻特性的物理模型和数值分析模型。采用ABAQUS软件对光滑与非光滑表面橡胶密封圈的密封性能分别进行数值计算,分析在不同压缩量时密封圈的变形和应力分布情况。计算结果表明,当压缩率为20%时,光滑和非光滑表面密封圈产生的有效应力都达到了油缸工作的介质压力3.5MPa,满足了油缸密封圈的密封性能。对仿生凹坑三角形组合的非光滑表面密封圈的减阻特性进行研究,确定了模型的运动参数和初始条件;研究了不同凹坑大小对非光滑表面减阻性能的影响,同时也分析了不同活塞运动速度对减阻性能的影响。计算结果表明,在活塞速度一定的情况下凹坑直径为1.5mm时减阻率达到最大;在凹坑直径一定的情况下,减阻率随着初始速度的增大而不断变大,在速度为0.6m/s时非光滑表面具有较好的减阻效果。最后,通过LS-DYNA软件对密封圈的储油凹坑进行了流固耦合分析,建立合理的数值计算模型,对凹坑底部储存的润滑油液面进行动态分析,研究了储油凹坑对橡胶密封圈与缸体接触表面润滑性能的影响。本文的研究结果表明,合理的非光滑接触表面在一定程度上减小了密封圈的运动摩擦阻力,起到了减阻的效果。
[Abstract]:As an indispensable actuator in hydraulic technology, the seal performance and friction resistance of cylinder are the key factors restricting the development of hydraulic technology. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to improve the sealing performance and reduce the friction resistance to improve the service life of the sealing ring and the working efficiency of the cylinder. It has become a new research field to apply bionics principle and drag reduction technology to rubber ring sealing technology to reduce friction resistance and save energy between sealing contact objects. In this paper, from the view of bionics, the non-smooth surface morphology of Huangyuanzhen dragon lice and the piston cylinder sealing ring are taken as the biological prototype, and the piston cylinder sealing ring is taken as the research object. The physical model and numerical analysis model of seal and drag reduction characteristics of non-smooth surface seal ring with bionic pit triangle combination are established. The sealing properties of smooth and non-smooth rubber sealing rings were calculated by ABAQUS software, and the deformation and stress distribution of the rings under different compression quantities were analyzed. The calculated results show that when the compression ratio is 20, the effective stress of the smooth and non-smooth surface sealing rings is up to 3.5 MPa of the cylinder working pressure, which satisfies the sealing performance of the cylinder sealing ring. The drag reduction characteristics of the non-smooth surface seal ring with bionic pit triangle combination are studied, the motion parameters and initial conditions of the model are determined, and the effects of different pit sizes on the drag reduction performance of the non-smooth surface are studied. At the same time, the influence of piston motion speed on drag reduction performance is also analyzed. The results show that the drag reduction rate reaches the maximum when the diameter of the piston is 1.5mm, and the drag reduction rate increases with the increase of initial velocity when the diameter of the pit is constant. When the velocity is 0.6m/s, the non-smooth surface has better drag reduction effect. Finally, the fluid-solid coupling analysis of the oil storage pit of the seal ring is carried out by LS-DYNA software, and a reasonable numerical calculation model is established, and the dynamic analysis of the lubricating oil level stored at the bottom of the pit is carried out. The effect of oil storage pits on the lubricating properties of rubber sealing ring and cylinder contact surface was studied. The results show that the reasonable non-smooth contact surface can reduce the friction resistance of the sealing ring to a certain extent and reduce the drag.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH137.51

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