圆柱形声腔减振降噪的实验测试与仿真分析

发布时间：2018-07-05 10:15

本文选题：圆柱声腔 + 减振降噪　；参考：《广西科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：具有轴对称结构的圆柱形声腔是工程中较为常见的典型结构,如飞机机身、有效载荷整流罩圆柱段、鱼雷外壳、舰船船体、某些重型机械等内部声场都可以简化为圆柱腔体,因此通过研究典型圆柱腔体内降噪技术,总结出一整套合理可行的流程,可为处理类似结构的声场优化提供借鉴与指导。本文通过理论分析、实验验证和仿真分析相结合的方法对圆柱声腔内噪声的控制进行全频域的减振降噪研究,首先,基于声学基本理论,推导了圆柱声腔的模态理论解,并分析总结了声学覆盖层的降噪原理和规律,为后续的实验测试和仿真分析提供了较好的理论基础;然后,分别从材料分类、声特性参数、影响因素及仿真软件中如何建立声学材料有限元的等效模型等方面详细介绍了声学材料,为后续的声学测试中声学材料类型的选择和建立正确的有限元模型提供依据;接着,为了对仿真模型的正确性和提出的声学处理方案进行验证,通过参考类似结构的声学实验方法,自行搭建了用于测试的声学实验平台;与此同时,使用现在振动噪声行业较常用的商业软件:ESI的VA One和LMS的Virtual.Lab Acoustic进行仿真研究,采用有限元法对低频进行分析、统计能量法对中高频进行分析,仿真分析声学覆盖层对声腔的影响,为声学覆盖层处理方案的快速提出和优化规律的总结提供了有效的工具;最后,在前面对圆柱声腔的减振降噪有了深入认识后,本文将其应用到某整流罩的减振降噪上,在掌握整流罩声学处理的现状的情况下,借鉴了本文提出的圆柱声腔声学处理的一整套方案,对某卫星整流罩进行了声学覆盖层的优化设计,仿真结果证明提出的方案合理可行。研究结果表明,通过对圆柱腔体减振降噪的研究,总结相关分析方法,得出一整套处理该类问题的流程,并成功应用到整流罩的降噪上,证明提出的处理方法是可行的,对类似结构的声场优化具有重要的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Cylindrical cavity with axisymmetric structure is a typical structure in engineering, such as aircraft fuselage, payload fairing cylindrical segment, torpedo shell, ship hull, some heavy machinery and other internal sound fields can be simplified into cylindrical cavity. Therefore, by studying the typical cylindrical cavity noise reduction technology, a set of reasonable and feasible flow can be summed up, which can provide reference and guidance for dealing with the sound field optimization of similar structures. In this paper, through theoretical analysis, experimental verification and simulation analysis, the noise control in cylindrical cavity is studied in full frequency domain. Firstly, based on the basic theory of acoustics, the modal theory solution of cylindrical cavity is derived. The noise reduction principle and law of acoustic overlay are analyzed and summarized, which provides a good theoretical basis for subsequent experimental test and simulation analysis. The influence factors and how to establish the equivalent finite element model of acoustic material in simulation software are introduced in detail, which provides the basis for the selection of acoustic material type and the establishment of the correct finite element model in the subsequent acoustic testing. In order to verify the correctness of the simulation model and the proposed acoustic processing scheme, an acoustical experimental platform for testing is built by referring to the acoustic experimental methods of similar structures. In this paper, we use the commercial software-VA-One and Virtual.Lab Acoustic, which are commonly used in the vibration and noise industry, to simulate and study. The finite element method is used to analyze the low frequency, and the statistical energy method is used to analyze the middle and high frequency. The simulation analysis of the influence of acoustic overlay on the acoustic cavity provides an effective tool for the rapid proposal of the acoustic overlay processing scheme and the summary of the optimization rules. Finally, after the previous understanding of the vibration and noise reduction of the cylindrical acoustic cavity, In this paper, it is applied to the vibration and noise reduction of a certain fairing. Under the condition of mastering the present situation of the fairing acoustic processing, a whole set of schemes of the cylindrical cavity acoustic processing proposed in this paper are used for reference. The optimal design of the acoustic overlay for a satellite fairing is carried out, and the simulation results show that the proposed scheme is reasonable and feasible. The research results show that by studying the vibration and noise reduction of cylindrical cavity and summarizing the correlation analysis method, a whole set of flow chart to deal with this kind of problem is obtained, and it is successfully applied to the noise reduction of the fairing. It is proved that the proposed method is feasible. It has important reference significance for sound field optimization of similar structures.
【学位授予单位】：广西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB535

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