烟气脱硝乳状液膜体系的构建

发布时间：2018-07-11 12:24

本文选题：乳状液膜 + 烟气脱硝　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：氮氧化物是造成大气污染的主要原因之一,会严重危害人体健康,破坏生态,延缓社会发展,其主要来源为化石燃料燃烧后所产生的烟气。乳状液膜分离方法作为一种创新型的分离手段,拥有简单高效、膜相可循环使用、无二次污染等优势,在环境保护以及污染控制等领域应用十分广泛。为开发新的烟气脱硝工艺,将煤油用作膜溶剂,L-113A用作表面活性剂,NaOH溶液用作内相液,构建了烟气脱硝乳状液膜体系。探究了表面活性剂种类及浓度、油内比、乳水比、制乳转速和搅拌速度等条件对脱硝效率的影响情况,并依据正交实验结果选择出了最适参数。结果表明,对于烟气中NO_2的脱除,其基本原理为NO_2可与内相液NaOH反应而被消耗,当表面活性剂的浓度为2%(v/v),油内比为4:6,乳水比为1:4,制乳转速为3000 r/min时,NO_2的去除率可以达到96.65%;对于烟气中NO的脱除,先用氧化剂将其氧化为NO_2,再进行吸收,当氧化剂H_2O_2浓度为2 mol/L,内相液浓度为0.125 mol/L,乳水比为1:5,外相液p H为9时,NO吸收效率可以达到85.96%。对乳状液膜法烟气同时脱硫脱硝体系进行了初步的构建。液膜的体系构成为煤油为膜溶剂,L-113A为表面活性剂,NaOH溶液为内相液,结果表明,此体系在最适参数下,脱硫率可大于99%,脱硝率为88.59%,效果理想。通过比较探究了加热破乳、离心破乳和高压静电破乳的相应条件改变对破乳效果的影响,结果表明,在最佳条件下,三种方法的破乳率分别是83.3%、45.9%和97.3%。
[Abstract]:Nitrogen oxide is one of the main causes of air pollution, which will seriously harm human health, destroy ecology and delay the development of society. The main source of nitrogen oxide is the flue gas produced by fossil fuel combustion. As an innovative separation method, emulsion liquid membrane separation method has the advantages of simple and high efficiency, membrane phase recycling and no secondary pollution. It is widely used in the field of environmental protection and pollution control. In order to develop a new flue gas denitrification process, kerosene was used as membrane solvent, L-113A as surfactant and NaOH solution as inner phase liquid, and the emulsion liquid membrane system of flue gas denitrification was constructed. The effects of the kinds and concentrations of surfactants, the ratio of oil to oil, the ratio of milk to water, the speed of milk preparation and the speed of stirring on denitrification efficiency were investigated. The optimum parameters were selected according to the results of orthogonal experiment. The results show that for the removal of NO-2 from flue gas, the basic principle is that NO-2 can be consumed by reaction with the inner phase liquid NaOH. When the concentration of surfactant is 2% (v / v), the ratio of oil to oil is 4: 6, the ratio of milk to water is 1: 4, and the speed of milk preparation is 3000 r/min, the removal rate of no _ 2 can reach 96.65%. When the concentration of H _ 2O _ 2 is 2 mol / L, the concentration of internal phase is 0.125 mol / L, the ratio of milk to water is 1: 5, the absorption efficiency of no can reach 85.96 when the concentration of H _ 2O _ 2 is 2 mol / L, the ratio of milk to water is 1: 5, and the concentration of external phase is 9%. The system of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas by emulsion liquid membrane method was preliminarily constructed. The liquid membrane system is composed of kerosene as the membrane solvent and L-113A as the surfactant NaOH solution as the inner phase liquid. The results show that the desulfurization rate can be greater than 99 and the denitrification rate is 88.59 and the effect is ideal under the optimum parameters. The effects of the corresponding conditions of heating demulsification, centrifugal demulsification and high voltage electrostatic demulsification on the demulsification effect were compared. The results showed that the demulsification rates of the three methods were 83.3% and 97.3% respectively under the optimum conditions.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X701;TQ028.8

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