考虑人因作用的生产系统建模方法研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 21:21
【摘要】：生产制造系统性能的优劣在一定程度上反映了一个国家的经济和科学的发展水平。对生产效率的追求使得机器的自动化程度不断提高,逐步的从最开始以人为主要劳动力的生产劳动向人辅助机器的生产过程转变,人从繁重的体力劳动中解脱出来。生产模式的转化,使得人在制造系统中的性质和作用发生了改变。过去的研究针将制造系统中的硬件作为主要研究对象,是因为机器的可靠性直接决定了生产效率的高低,而缓冲区容量的大小则对生产线的抗干扰能力起决定性作用。但随着现代工业的发展,制造系统中的硬件得到了长足的进步,人成为了制约其发展的新因素。因此,研究和分析人对生产制造系统性能的影响具有重要的理论意义与现实意义。本文综合使用排队论和马尔科夫过程的方法探讨并分析了一人多机的串联制造系统的建模问题,提出了一种考虑人因作用的制造系统建模方法,并利用所建的含有人的生产制造系统模型分析了人机干涉对生产系统性能的影响。本文使用的建模主体思路是先分解后合并的思想,以操作工人为依据,将串联制造系统拆分成若干个子系统进行研究。之后再将各个子系统进行合并,从而能够较好的描述整条生产线的性能。本文用有限队列长度的排队理论来描述各个子系统的生产过程。文本定义了子系统的效率:机器加工时间(包含装载卸载时间)与机器加工时间(包含装载卸载时间)加上机器在队列中的平均逗留时间的总和的比值,从而将子系统简化为“特殊”机器来进行后续的合并处理。在合并过程中,采用向前向后的迭代合并方法能够有效的处理数据,与实际值较为吻合。在此基础上,通过分析不同的人机分配策略对于生产系统总效率的影响,对原有系统的分配方式进行改进,提高了案例中生产线的效率。为验证所建模型的合理性,本文以某公司装配线为背景使用该建模方法和Em-plant离散仿真对该装配线进行了建模与仿真对比分析,案例仿真研究表明:当工人分配的机器数量超过3台的时,理论迭代值P?R可以有效的对总生产率进行估计,其相对误差在3%左右。
[Abstract]:To a certain extent, the performance of manufacturing system reflects the level of economic and scientific development of a country. The pursuit of production efficiency makes the automatization degree of machine improve step by step from the production labor which takes man as the main labor force at the beginning to the production process of the machine assisted by man and man is freed from the heavy physical labor. The transformation of production mode changes the nature and function of human in manufacturing system. In the past, the hardware of the manufacturing system was regarded as the main research object because the reliability of the machine directly determined the production efficiency, and the size of the buffer capacity played a decisive role in the anti-jamming ability of the production line. However, with the development of modern industry, the hardware of manufacturing system has made great progress, and people have become a new factor restricting the development of manufacturing system. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study and analyze the influence of human beings on the performance of manufacturing systems. In this paper, the modeling problem of a series manufacturing system with multiple machines is discussed and analyzed by the method of queue theory and Markov process, and a modeling method of manufacturing system considering human factors is proposed. The effect of man-machine interference on the performance of production system is analyzed by using the model of manufacturing system with human beings. In this paper, the main idea of modeling is to decompose first and then merge. Based on the operator, the serial manufacturing system is divided into several subsystems to study. Then the subsystems are merged to describe the performance of the whole production line. In this paper, the finite queue length queuing theory is used to describe the production process of each subsystem. The text defines the efficiency of the subsystem: the ratio of machine processing time (including loading and unloading time) to machine processing time (including loading and unloading time) plus the sum of the machine's average duration of stay in the queue, This simplifies the subsystem as a "special" machine for subsequent merge processing. In the process of merging, the forward and backward iterative merging method can deal with the data effectively, which is in good agreement with the actual value. On this basis, by analyzing the effect of different man-machine allocation strategies on the total efficiency of production system, the distribution mode of the original system is improved, and the efficiency of the production line in the case is improved. In order to verify the rationality of the model, this paper uses the modeling method and Em-plant discrete simulation to model and simulate the assembly line under the background of a company assembly line. The case study shows that when the number of machines allocated by workers exceeds 3, the theoretical iterative value PNR can effectively estimate the total productivity, and the relative error is about 3%.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB497
[Abstract]:To a certain extent, the performance of manufacturing system reflects the level of economic and scientific development of a country. The pursuit of production efficiency makes the automatization degree of machine improve step by step from the production labor which takes man as the main labor force at the beginning to the production process of the machine assisted by man and man is freed from the heavy physical labor. The transformation of production mode changes the nature and function of human in manufacturing system. In the past, the hardware of the manufacturing system was regarded as the main research object because the reliability of the machine directly determined the production efficiency, and the size of the buffer capacity played a decisive role in the anti-jamming ability of the production line. However, with the development of modern industry, the hardware of manufacturing system has made great progress, and people have become a new factor restricting the development of manufacturing system. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study and analyze the influence of human beings on the performance of manufacturing systems. In this paper, the modeling problem of a series manufacturing system with multiple machines is discussed and analyzed by the method of queue theory and Markov process, and a modeling method of manufacturing system considering human factors is proposed. The effect of man-machine interference on the performance of production system is analyzed by using the model of manufacturing system with human beings. In this paper, the main idea of modeling is to decompose first and then merge. Based on the operator, the serial manufacturing system is divided into several subsystems to study. Then the subsystems are merged to describe the performance of the whole production line. In this paper, the finite queue length queuing theory is used to describe the production process of each subsystem. The text defines the efficiency of the subsystem: the ratio of machine processing time (including loading and unloading time) to machine processing time (including loading and unloading time) plus the sum of the machine's average duration of stay in the queue, This simplifies the subsystem as a "special" machine for subsequent merge processing. In the process of merging, the forward and backward iterative merging method can deal with the data effectively, which is in good agreement with the actual value. On this basis, by analyzing the effect of different man-machine allocation strategies on the total efficiency of production system, the distribution mode of the original system is improved, and the efficiency of the production line in the case is improved. In order to verify the rationality of the model, this paper uses the modeling method and Em-plant discrete simulation to model and simulate the assembly line under the background of a company assembly line. The case study shows that when the number of machines allocated by workers exceeds 3, the theoretical iterative value PNR can effectively estimate the total productivity, and the relative error is about 3%.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB497
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