基于高精度低空摄影测量的黄土滑坡精细测绘
发布时间：2018-07-21 21:26
【摘要】：滑坡体积精确计算看似简单实则困难。黄土高原具有植被稀少、岩土暴露程度高、滑坡易发多发等特点。本文在充分认识上述特点的基础上,尝试采用高精度低空摄影测量技术来精确测算滑坡方量。与传统计算方法、遥感和三维激光扫描对比,低空摄影具有受各类因素影响较小、作业灵活、高效、产品精度高等优点。本文以甘肃黑方台党川2#黄土滑坡为例,在介绍近景摄影测量数据获取方法的基础上,采用滑坡前后的高精度的低空摄影测量数据源和结合现场调查,对该滑坡进行精细测绘,实现"数字化滑坡"。研究结果表明:(1)滑坡长217m,宽176m,滑坡平均厚度约20m(滑源区),滑距782m,后缘到前缘的落差122m,影响面积为105216m~2;(2)根据斜坡各部分滑动和堆积特征,将其细分为崩滑区、主滑区、滑塌区、流通堆积区、铲卷堆积区、挤压堆积区、二次堆积区、粉尘堆积区;(3)以高精度DEM求得,滑动和堆积方量体积分别为31.72×10~4m~3和49.96×10~4m~3;(4)滑坡整体松散系数为1.411,局部的干密度差别较大,其大小与滑坡发育特征和运动过程有密切关系。
[Abstract]:It is difficult to calculate landslide volume accurately. The Loess Plateau is characterized by rare vegetation, high exposure to rock and soil, and frequent landslides. On the basis of fully understanding the above characteristics, this paper attempts to use high precision and low altitude photogrammetry to measure the landslide square accurately. Compared with traditional calculation methods remote sensing and 3D laser scanning low-altitude photography has the advantages of less influence by various factors flexible operation high efficiency and high product precision. In this paper, taking the loess landslide in Heifangtai County, Gansu Province as an example, on the basis of introducing the method of obtaining the close-range photogrammetry data, the high-precision low-altitude photogrammetry data source before and after the landslide and the field investigation are used to carry out the fine mapping of the landslide. Realize "digital landslide". The results show that: (1) the landslide is 217m long, 176m wide, the average thickness of landslide is about 20m (source area), the slip distance is 782m, the drop from the back edge to the front edge is 122m.The influence area is 105216mm2; (2) according to the sliding and accumulation characteristics of each part of the slope, the landslide is subdivided into the collapse zone, the main slide area, the slide area, and the landslide area. The volume of sliding and stacking volume is 31.72 脳 10~4m~3 and 49.96 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3), respectively. (4) the overall coefficient of looseness of landslide is 1.411, and the difference of local dry density is large, and the volume of sliding and stacking volume are 31.72 脳 10~4m~3 and 49.96 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1) respectively. Its size is closely related to the development characteristics and movement process of landslide.
【作者单位】： 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室(成都理工大学);
【基金】：国家重点基础研究计划(973计划)项目(2014CB744703) 国家创新研究群体科学基金(41521002) 国家杰出青年科学基金(41225011)资助
【分类号】：P642.22;P231
本文编号：2136908
[Abstract]:It is difficult to calculate landslide volume accurately. The Loess Plateau is characterized by rare vegetation, high exposure to rock and soil, and frequent landslides. On the basis of fully understanding the above characteristics, this paper attempts to use high precision and low altitude photogrammetry to measure the landslide square accurately. Compared with traditional calculation methods remote sensing and 3D laser scanning low-altitude photography has the advantages of less influence by various factors flexible operation high efficiency and high product precision. In this paper, taking the loess landslide in Heifangtai County, Gansu Province as an example, on the basis of introducing the method of obtaining the close-range photogrammetry data, the high-precision low-altitude photogrammetry data source before and after the landslide and the field investigation are used to carry out the fine mapping of the landslide. Realize "digital landslide". The results show that: (1) the landslide is 217m long, 176m wide, the average thickness of landslide is about 20m (source area), the slip distance is 782m, the drop from the back edge to the front edge is 122m.The influence area is 105216mm2; (2) according to the sliding and accumulation characteristics of each part of the slope, the landslide is subdivided into the collapse zone, the main slide area, the slide area, and the landslide area. The volume of sliding and stacking volume is 31.72 脳 10~4m~3 and 49.96 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3), respectively. (4) the overall coefficient of looseness of landslide is 1.411, and the difference of local dry density is large, and the volume of sliding and stacking volume are 31.72 脳 10~4m~3 and 49.96 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1) respectively. Its size is closely related to the development characteristics and movement process of landslide.
【作者单位】： 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室(成都理工大学);
【基金】：国家重点基础研究计划(973计划)项目(2014CB744703) 国家创新研究群体科学基金(41521002) 国家杰出青年科学基金(41225011)资助
【分类号】：P642.22;P231
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