超声近场悬浮稳定性实验研究及声场优化
发布时间：2018-07-26 09:20
【摘要】：超声近场悬浮(Near Field Acoustic Levitation简称NFAL)是一种利用高能量密度的超声波作用于面密度较小的物体使其在声源上方一个波长高度内悬浮的现象。但目前超声近场悬浮技术并不成熟,悬浮过程还不稳定,限制了其在生产制造中的应用。本文以实验为基础研究了近场悬浮中悬浮物的稳定性以及影响稳定性的因素,提出了改善悬浮稳定的两种可行性方法。研究提出了悬浮现象中回复力的建模方法,对稳定性作出了定量评价,主要研究内容如下： 分析了近场悬浮中处于振动盘与被悬浮物之间的空气挤压膜,建立了挤压膜模型,给出了挤压膜内部声压、空气分子振动、内部层流流动分布规律,从挤压膜内层流分布引起的粘滞力和悬浮物在声场中具有的悬浮势能两个角度出发,对近场悬浮中被悬浮物所受回复力进行理论分析,给出被悬浮物可稳定悬浮的最大偏心距与回复力表达式,为稳定性研究提供了理论基础。 提出应用光学方法对近场悬浮中被悬浮物的运动状态进行运动追踪,设计制作了运动采集装置,应用自行编写的软件进行位移数据提取与处理,对悬浮过程中被悬浮物的悬浮状态进行描述。 建立被悬浮物速度、加速度与其在声场中的位置之间的关系,给出了近场悬浮中声场施加在被悬浮物上的回复力变化规律,针对系统具有的迟滞特性,建立回复力迟滞模型,对悬浮稳定性进行定量分析。解决了目前超声近场悬浮理论研究与实验研究缺少联系的问题,为实验研究上升到理论研究提供了方法,为理论研究提供了实验支持。 对声场中粘滞力的分布、势能场的分布与振动盘振动分布之间的关系进行定性分析,提出通过改变超声发射端表面振动分布和表面形状建立优化声场的方法,基于这个优化方法,制作可产生优化型声场的超声发射端,并对优化后的声场进行了声压分布测量,通过运动追踪方法建立回复力模型,进行稳定性评价。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic near-field levitation (NFAL) is a phenomenon in which ultrasonic wave with high energy density acts on an object with low surface density and suspends at a wavelength above the sound source. However, the ultrasonic near-field suspension technology is not mature, and the suspension process is not stable, which limits its application in production and manufacture. In this paper, the stability of suspensions in near-field suspension and the influencing factors are studied on the basis of experiments. Two feasible methods to improve the stability of suspensions are put forward. In this paper, the modeling method of the return force in suspension is proposed, and the stability is evaluated quantitatively. The main contents are as follows: the air extrusion film between the vibration disk and the suspended object in the near field suspension is analyzed. The extrusion film model is established, and the internal sound pressure, air molecular vibration and laminar flow distribution are given. The viscous force caused by laminar flow distribution in the extrusion film and the suspended potential energy of suspended substance in sound field are analyzed. The theoretical analysis of the recoil force of suspended objects in near-field suspension is carried out, and the expressions of maximum eccentricity and recoil force of suspended objects are given, which provide a theoretical basis for the study of stability. An optical method is proposed to track the motion of suspended objects in near-field suspension. A motion acquisition device is designed and made. The displacement data are extracted and processed by the software written by ourselves. The suspended state of suspended objects in the process of suspension is described. The relationship between the velocity and acceleration of suspended object and its position in the sound field is established. The law of the variation of the recoil force applied by the sound field on the suspended object in the near-field suspension is given. According to the hysteresis characteristic of the system, the hysteresis model of the recoil force is established. The stability of suspension was quantitatively analyzed. It solves the problem that the theoretical research of ultrasonic near-field suspension is not related to the experimental research at present, which provides the method for the experimental research to rise to the theoretical research, and provides the experimental support for the theoretical research. The relationship between the distribution of viscous force, the distribution of potential energy field and the vibration distribution of vibration disk in sound field is qualitatively analyzed, and the method of optimizing sound field by changing the surface vibration distribution and surface shape of ultrasonic emitter is put forward. Based on this optimization method, the ultrasonic emitter which can produce the optimized sound field is made, and the sound pressure distribution of the optimized sound field is measured, and the recovery force model is established by the motion tracing method to evaluate the stability of the optimized sound field.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB559
本文编号：2145562
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic near-field levitation (NFAL) is a phenomenon in which ultrasonic wave with high energy density acts on an object with low surface density and suspends at a wavelength above the sound source. However, the ultrasonic near-field suspension technology is not mature, and the suspension process is not stable, which limits its application in production and manufacture. In this paper, the stability of suspensions in near-field suspension and the influencing factors are studied on the basis of experiments. Two feasible methods to improve the stability of suspensions are put forward. In this paper, the modeling method of the return force in suspension is proposed, and the stability is evaluated quantitatively. The main contents are as follows: the air extrusion film between the vibration disk and the suspended object in the near field suspension is analyzed. The extrusion film model is established, and the internal sound pressure, air molecular vibration and laminar flow distribution are given. The viscous force caused by laminar flow distribution in the extrusion film and the suspended potential energy of suspended substance in sound field are analyzed. The theoretical analysis of the recoil force of suspended objects in near-field suspension is carried out, and the expressions of maximum eccentricity and recoil force of suspended objects are given, which provide a theoretical basis for the study of stability. An optical method is proposed to track the motion of suspended objects in near-field suspension. A motion acquisition device is designed and made. The displacement data are extracted and processed by the software written by ourselves. The suspended state of suspended objects in the process of suspension is described. The relationship between the velocity and acceleration of suspended object and its position in the sound field is established. The law of the variation of the recoil force applied by the sound field on the suspended object in the near-field suspension is given. According to the hysteresis characteristic of the system, the hysteresis model of the recoil force is established. The stability of suspension was quantitatively analyzed. It solves the problem that the theoretical research of ultrasonic near-field suspension is not related to the experimental research at present, which provides the method for the experimental research to rise to the theoretical research, and provides the experimental support for the theoretical research. The relationship between the distribution of viscous force, the distribution of potential energy field and the vibration distribution of vibration disk in sound field is qualitatively analyzed, and the method of optimizing sound field by changing the surface vibration distribution and surface shape of ultrasonic emitter is put forward. Based on this optimization method, the ultrasonic emitter which can produce the optimized sound field is made, and the sound pressure distribution of the optimized sound field is measured, and the recovery force model is established by the motion tracing method to evaluate the stability of the optimized sound field.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB559
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