桩板墙泥石流拦阻结构模型试验研究

发布时间：2018-08-04 12:38

【摘要】：我国地域辽阔,每年均发生大量的泥石流灾害,给人民的生命财产安全带来巨大威胁。随着我国的经济不断发展,越来越多的泥石流隐患被治理;但是泥石流的形成原因复杂,不仅仅与地形相关,还与气候、地质和地下水等因素有着密切联系,这也就导致泥石流治理工程中拦挡结构的形式必须要根据现场实际情况来确定。常见的拦挡结构有重力式坝等,近年来桩板墙也被引入到泥石流的治理工程,桩板墙具有强度高、节省材料和拦挡效果好等优点。以舟曲某泥石流沟中桩板墙泥石流拦挡结构为背景,设置了桩板墙模型,放置在水槽中模拟泥石流冲击桩板墙的过程,通过布置在桩板墙迎水面的压力传感器来分析桩板墙的受力情况,并综合桩板墙的拦挡效果、排水效果和坝后淤积等情况进行研究。得到(1)目前已知的泥石流治理工程和模型试验中的桩板墙拦挡效果均比较明显,能够可以有效拦挡泥石流固体物质冲出物;(2)现有部分桩板墙工点及模型试验表明:桩板墙拦挡结构在泥石流的前期,可以通过泄水孔将水及时排出;但是当桩板墙后部淤积的固体物质达到一定厚度时,会导致排水通道被堵塞,影响排水;(3)桩板墙在泥石流治理工程中的受力模式不同于其在边(滑)坡工程中的受力,试验表明泥石流拦挡工程中桩板墙受到的冲击力由上向下逐渐增大,且桩板墙中部受力普遍比边缘要大。
[Abstract]:China has a vast territory and a large number of debris flow disasters occur every year, which brings a great threat to the safety of people's lives and property. With the development of our country's economy, more and more hidden hazards of debris flow have been remedied. However, the formation of debris flow is complicated, not only related to topography, but also closely related to factors such as climate, geology and groundwater. Therefore, the form of retaining structure in debris flow control project must be determined according to the actual situation on the spot. The common retaining structures include gravity dams and so on. In recent years pile-slab wall has been introduced into the debris flow treatment project. The pile-plate wall has the advantages of high strength material saving and good blocking effect. Based on the structure of pile wall and debris flow in a debris flow ditch in Zhouqu, a pile-slab wall model was set up and placed in a flume to simulate the process of debris flow impacting pile and plate wall. The stress of pile-slab wall is analyzed by pressure sensors placed on the water surface of pile-slab wall, and the blocking effect, drainage effect and siltation behind dam are studied. The results are as follows: (1) the effect of retaining piles and plates in debris flow control projects and model tests is obvious. It can effectively stop debris flow solid material from flushing out; (2) the existing partial pile-plate wall work points and model tests show that the pile-plate wall retaining structure can drain the water through the drainage hole in the early stage of the debris flow; However, when the solid material at the back of the pile-slab wall reaches a certain thickness, it will lead to the blockage of the drainage channel and affect the drainage; (3) the stress mode of the pile-slab wall in the debris flow treatment project is different from that in the side (slide) slope project. The test results show that the impact force on the pile-slab wall increases gradually from top to bottom in the debris flow blocking project, and the force in the middle of the pile-slab wall is generally greater than that in the edge.
【作者单位】：中铁西北科学研究院有限公司;中国铁道科学研究院研究生部;
【基金】：中铁科研院(科研)字2015-KJ026-Z026-03资助
【分类号】：P642.23

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