基于量子弱值的超低速测量实验研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 16:12
【摘要】：超低速的精确测量在科学研究和工程应用中具有重要作用。目前的速度测量多采用激光多普勒测速仪,其原理是运动的物体会产生多普勒频移,知道频移就可以测出物体运动的速度。但是,当前的激光多普勒测速仪能够测量的最低速度有限,大约在um/s级别,对于um/s以下的超低速,现在并没有行之有效的测量手段。本文提出了一种基于量子弱测量理论的超低速测量方案。具体来说,本文利用量子弱值放大技术,借助激光多普勒效应和干涉仪,将超低速运动物体产生的微小多普勒频移量加以放大并转换为时域内的时间间隔进行测量,从而将速度测量的精度提高到um/s。本文利用迈克尔逊干涉仪来实现物体运动引起的多普勒频移和光脉冲时间间隔的转换,并从理论上推导出运动速度和时间间隔之间的变换关系式。搭建了实验系统并完成了速度测量实验,测量的最低速度达到了0.076um/s。本文为进一步开展超低速的测量提供了更高精度的方法,在理论和实验设计上给出了一些参考,进一步拓展了量子弱测量技术的使用范围,具有十分重要的工程应用和科学研究价值。
[Abstract]:The accurate measurement of ultra-low speed plays an important role in scientific research and engineering application. At present, laser Doppler velocimeter is widely used in velocity measurement. The principle is that the moving object will produce Doppler frequency shift, and the velocity of moving object can be measured by knowing the frequency shift. However, the current laser Doppler velocimeter can measure the minimum velocity is limited, about the um/s level, for the ultra-low speed below um/s, there is no effective measurement method. In this paper, a scheme of ultra-low speed measurement based on quantum weak measurement theory is proposed. Specifically, using the technique of quantum weak value amplification, using laser Doppler effect and interferometer, the micro-Doppler frequency shift produced by ultra-low speed moving object is amplified and converted to the time interval in time domain for measurement. Thus, the accuracy of velocity measurement is improved to um / s. In this paper, a Michelson interferometer is used to realize the conversion of Doppler frequency shift and optical pulse time interval caused by the motion of an object, and the relationship between velocity and time interval is derived theoretically. The experimental system was set up and the velocity measurement experiment was completed. The lowest velocity was 0.076 um / s. This paper provides a more accurate method for the further development of ultra-low speed measurement, gives some references in theory and experimental design, and further expands the scope of application of quantum weak measurement technology. It has very important engineering application and scientific research value.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB9;O413
本文编号：2179582
[Abstract]:The accurate measurement of ultra-low speed plays an important role in scientific research and engineering application. At present, laser Doppler velocimeter is widely used in velocity measurement. The principle is that the moving object will produce Doppler frequency shift, and the velocity of moving object can be measured by knowing the frequency shift. However, the current laser Doppler velocimeter can measure the minimum velocity is limited, about the um/s level, for the ultra-low speed below um/s, there is no effective measurement method. In this paper, a scheme of ultra-low speed measurement based on quantum weak measurement theory is proposed. Specifically, using the technique of quantum weak value amplification, using laser Doppler effect and interferometer, the micro-Doppler frequency shift produced by ultra-low speed moving object is amplified and converted to the time interval in time domain for measurement. Thus, the accuracy of velocity measurement is improved to um / s. In this paper, a Michelson interferometer is used to realize the conversion of Doppler frequency shift and optical pulse time interval caused by the motion of an object, and the relationship between velocity and time interval is derived theoretically. The experimental system was set up and the velocity measurement experiment was completed. The lowest velocity was 0.076 um / s. This paper provides a more accurate method for the further development of ultra-low speed measurement, gives some references in theory and experimental design, and further expands the scope of application of quantum weak measurement technology. It has very important engineering application and scientific research value.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB9;O413
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 王东;孙文斌;;光干涉法测量压电陶瓷压电特性[J];压电与声光;2011年06期
2 张艳艳;巩轲;何淑芳;霍玉晶;;激光多普勒测速技术进展[J];激光与红外;2010年11期
，本文编号：2179582
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