新建成渝客专枢纽敏感点声环境预测研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 13:42

【摘要】：随着我国铁路的高速发展,铁路已贯穿城市之中,随之,以噪声为主的环境问题日益严重,影响着铁路两侧居民的正常生活和工作,噪声污染已引起广泛关注,因此,为了保障人们正常生活,减少经济损失,对噪声进行预测并提出建议,采取相应的保障措施是十分必要的。本论文主要选成渝客专成都枢纽作为研究对象,一方面成都枢纽为成渝客专的重要组成部分,另一方面成都枢纽处在城市规划区域范围内噪声敏感点相对较多,为了保证城市社会经济发展同时保障城市居民的正常生活,避免枢纽噪声带来的经济损失,在枢纽周边采取噪声预测以及采取行之有效的降噪措施对于城市建设和环境保护意义重大。本论文以成都枢纽作为研究对象,结合我国现行的相关法规以及技术标准,通过对成都枢纽的实地调研、选取噪声敏感点、进行噪声现场实测、采用铁计函[2006]44号文规定的模式法基于EIAN噪声环评助手软件进行预测、针对性的提出减少噪声的措施,实测验证结果。通过防治措施及建议,改善噪声对周围居民生活的影响,保障居民的正常生活。枢纽周边环境影响范围内两侧范围内共有16处声环境敏感点,其中学校4处、医院2处、集中居民住宅11处。通过预测近期铁路边界处铁路噪声预测值昼间为42.0～74.0dBA、夜间为35.5～67.4dBA,昼间超标率为59%、超标量为0～5.4dBA,夜间均达标;预测近期居民区噪声昼间为56.0～72.7dBA、超标量0.2～10.6dBA、超标率58%,夜间为49.7～66.1dBA、超标量0.1～14.0dBA、超标率94%;预测近期学校等特殊敏感点噪声昼间为42.0～75.4dBA、0.0～15.4dBA、超标量为60%,夜间为42.0～68.7dBA、超标量0.0～18.7dBA、超标率35%。针对成都枢纽周边的的噪声情况和敏感点特征,通过采取一系列的减缓措施,包括设置声屏障/隔声墙、设置绿化林带、敏感点功能置换或拆迁、建筑隔声防护(设置隔声通风窗、隔声走廊、隔声阳台等)、轨道平铺吸声板、生态型声屏障等。之后,经过运营实测验证,成渝客专成都枢纽周边噪声超标情况得到了有效的控制,成都枢纽敏感点噪声不论是昼间还是夜间均可达标。综上,成都枢纽周边噪声敏感点预测和研究分析数据表明,针对枢纽采取的减噪措施可以有效的降低噪声对周边环境的影响,同时研究数据表明,本论文研究工作和结果可行的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of railway in our country, the railway has been running through the city, and then, the environmental problem, which is mainly noise, is becoming more and more serious, which affects the normal life and work of the residents on both sides of the railway, and noise pollution has aroused widespread concern. In order to ensure people's normal life and reduce economic losses, it is very necessary to forecast the noise and put forward some suggestions. In this paper, Chengdu Hub is chosen as the research object. On the one hand, Chengdu Hub is an important part of Chengduke Special School; on the other hand, Chengdu Hub is located in the area of urban planning with relatively more noise sensitive points. In order to ensure the social and economic development of the city and ensure the normal life of the urban residents, and to avoid the economic losses caused by the noise of the hub, It is of great significance for urban construction and environmental protection to adopt noise prediction and effective noise reduction measures around the hub. In this paper, Chengdu Hub is taken as the research object, combining with the current relevant laws and regulations and technical standards of our country, through the field investigation of Chengdu Hub, the noise sensitive points are selected, and the noise field measurement is carried out. The mode method of iron-counting letter [2006] 44 is used to predict the problem based on EIAN noise environment assessment assistant software, and the measures to reduce noise are put forward, and the result is verified by actual measurement. Through prevention and control measures and suggestions to improve the impact of noise on the lives of residents around, to ensure the normal life of residents. There are 16 acoustical environmental sensitive spots on both sides of the environmental impact area of the hub, including 4 schools, 2 hospitals and 11 residential buildings. The forecast value of railway noise at the railway boundary in the near future is 42.0 / 74.0 dBA in daylight and 35.5V / 67.4dBAin night. The daytime excess rate is 59 and the superscalation amount is 05.4dBA. it is up to the standard at night. It is predicted that the noise in recent residential areas will be 56.0 / 72.7 dBAs, 0.2dBAs / 10.6dBAs at night, 49.7dBAs / 66.1dBAs at night, 0.1 / 14.0dBAs / 944dBAs / dBAs, and that the noise of special sensitive points such as schools will be 42.075.4dBA0.015.4 dBAs, 60 dBAs, 60dBAs at night. It is 42.0 ~ 68.7 dBA.The superscalar amount is 0.018. 7dBA.The rate of exceeding the standard is 35. In view of the noise situation and the characteristics of sensitive points around Chengdu Hub, a series of mitigation measures were adopted, including setting up sound barriers / walls, setting up green forest belts, replacing or removing sensitive points function. Construction sound insulation protection (installation of sound ventilation windows, soundproof corridors, soundproof balcony, etc.), track flat sound absorption plate, ecological sound barrier, etc. After the operation test and verification, the noise in the Chengdu hub is effectively controlled, and the noise of the sensitive point in Chengdu hub can reach the standard both in the daytime and at night. In summary, the prediction and analysis data of noise sensitive points around Chengdu Hub show that the noise reduction measures can effectively reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment, and the research data show that, The research work and results of this thesis are feasible.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB535

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