基于仿真的生产调度问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-22 13:23
【摘要】：很多年来动态车间的调度问题得到工程应用人员和专家学者的广泛关注和研究。通常调度问题是Np-hard问题。精确算法如整数规划、分支定界法、动态规划法,在求解大规模调度问题时变得不实用。在实践中,由于调度规则易于实现、计算复杂度低等原因,被广泛应用于动态车间调度中。首先针对每一级有一台和多台机器的多级生产系统调度问题,本文提出了一种基于调度规则和路径选择规则的调度方法；然后分析了在动态车间中,车间负荷水平、故障率水平、工件的路径、车间布局对调度规则性能的影响。 具体说来,主要在如下几个方面进行了研究： (1)研究并分析了系统、系统仿真的优点、系统仿真的基本步骤以及其在工程中的应用。介绍了仿真软件Arena的特点和其应用领域,并对当今流行的各种软件的优缺点进行了详细的比较。 (2)针对每一级有一台和多台机器的多级生产系统调度问题,本文提出了一种基于调度规则和路径选择规则的调度方法,调度规则确定机器上工件的加工顺序,路径选择规则使工件选择合适的机器进行加工。建立多级生产系统调度问题的仿真模型,对调度规则和路径选择规则进行测试,以平均流通时间、平均拖后时间、平均在制品以及平均机器利用率作为系统性能评价指标,比较了由10种调度规则和3种路径选择规则组成的30种规则组合,确定使单指标和多指标整体最优的调度规则组合。 (3)对作业车间和流水车间两种制造系统中调度规则性能进行了比较研究,提出了四个基于流通时间和延迟时间的调度规则。以平均流通时间、最大流通时间、流通时间的变异性、平均延迟时间、最大延迟时间和延迟工件的变异性和延迟工件百分比作为调度规则的性能指标。分析机器故障率水平、车间负荷水平、工件的路径、车间布局对调度规则性能的影响。
[Abstract]:For many years, the scheduling problem of dynamic job shop has received extensive attention and research from engineering application personnel and experts and scholars. Usually the scheduling problem is Np-hard problem. Exact algorithms, such as integer programming, branch and bound method, and dynamic programming method, are not practical in solving large-scale scheduling problems. In practice, scheduling rules are widely used in dynamic job shop scheduling due to their easy implementation and low computational complexity. In this paper, a scheduling method based on scheduling rules and path selection rules is proposed for multistage production system scheduling with one or more machines at each level, and then the load level of the shop floor is analyzed in the dynamic workshop. The effect of failure rate level, workpiece path and job shop layout on the performance of scheduling rules. Specifically, the following aspects are studied: (1) the system, the advantages of system simulation, the basic steps of system simulation and its application in engineering are studied and analyzed. This paper introduces the characteristics of simulation software Arena and its application field, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various kinds of popular software in detail. (2) aiming at the scheduling problem of multistage production system with one or more machines at each level, In this paper, a scheduling method based on scheduling rules and path selection rules is proposed. The scheduling rules determine the processing order of the workpieces on the machine, and the path selection rules enable the workpieces to select suitable machines for machining. The simulation model of scheduling problem in multilevel production system is established, and the scheduling rules and path selection rules are tested. The average flow time, average delay time, average work-in-process and average machine utilization rate are taken as system performance evaluation indexes. This paper compares 30 kinds of rules composed of 10 kinds of scheduling rules and 3 kinds of path selection rules. The scheduling rules combination of single index and multi-index is determined. (3) the performance of scheduling rules in two kinds of manufacturing systems, job shop and flow shop, is compared and studied. Four scheduling rules based on flow time and delay time are proposed. The average flow time, the maximum circulation time, the variability of the circulation time, the average delay time, the maximum delay time, the variability of the delayed workpiece and the percentage of the delayed workpiece are taken as the performance indexes of the scheduling rules. The influence of machine failure rate level, workshop load level, workpiece path and shop layout on scheduling rule performance is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB497
本文编号：2197225
[Abstract]:For many years, the scheduling problem of dynamic job shop has received extensive attention and research from engineering application personnel and experts and scholars. Usually the scheduling problem is Np-hard problem. Exact algorithms, such as integer programming, branch and bound method, and dynamic programming method, are not practical in solving large-scale scheduling problems. In practice, scheduling rules are widely used in dynamic job shop scheduling due to their easy implementation and low computational complexity. In this paper, a scheduling method based on scheduling rules and path selection rules is proposed for multistage production system scheduling with one or more machines at each level, and then the load level of the shop floor is analyzed in the dynamic workshop. The effect of failure rate level, workpiece path and job shop layout on the performance of scheduling rules. Specifically, the following aspects are studied: (1) the system, the advantages of system simulation, the basic steps of system simulation and its application in engineering are studied and analyzed. This paper introduces the characteristics of simulation software Arena and its application field, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various kinds of popular software in detail. (2) aiming at the scheduling problem of multistage production system with one or more machines at each level, In this paper, a scheduling method based on scheduling rules and path selection rules is proposed. The scheduling rules determine the processing order of the workpieces on the machine, and the path selection rules enable the workpieces to select suitable machines for machining. The simulation model of scheduling problem in multilevel production system is established, and the scheduling rules and path selection rules are tested. The average flow time, average delay time, average work-in-process and average machine utilization rate are taken as system performance evaluation indexes. This paper compares 30 kinds of rules composed of 10 kinds of scheduling rules and 3 kinds of path selection rules. The scheduling rules combination of single index and multi-index is determined. (3) the performance of scheduling rules in two kinds of manufacturing systems, job shop and flow shop, is compared and studied. Four scheduling rules based on flow time and delay time are proposed. The average flow time, the maximum circulation time, the variability of the circulation time, the average delay time, the maximum delay time, the variability of the delayed workpiece and the percentage of the delayed workpiece are taken as the performance indexes of the scheduling rules. The influence of machine failure rate level, workshop load level, workpiece path and shop layout on scheduling rule performance is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TB497
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