金属弹簧隔振器建模及负载特性研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 09:48
【摘要】：超精密的加工和测量设备为了避免地面振动及环境干扰的影响,通常需要隔振平台来防护。钢弹簧由于其结构简单,数学建模较精准,不需要额外提供动力并具有较长的使用寿命,因此被用作隔振器的被动隔振元件。金属弹簧水平刚度特性是影响隔振系统的重要因素,本文针对负载位置对金属弹簧被动隔振系统的影响,开展对单个金属弹簧的水平刚度特性、隔振系统理论建模及负载位置对隔振系统稳定性与振动传递造成影响的研究。用于隔振器中的金属弹簧垂向刚度可看作固定常数,但其水平刚度特性较为复杂与很多因素有关,本文通过将金属弹簧等效为一端固定一端自由的等截面悬臂梁,根据弹性理论推导其自由端承受垂向载荷及水平向载荷时金属弹簧自由端的横向变形,进而得到单个不同截面金属弹簧的水平刚度。为了研究金属弹簧隔振系统受到负载作用的性能变化建立其动力学模型。考虑到金属弹簧水平刚度随其垂向载荷的变化,对负载作用下每个隔振单元承受的垂向载荷进行分析,得到不同的水平刚度。在此基础上根据刚体运动学知识得到隔振系统质量矩阵与刚度矩阵,并通过模态分析理论得到系统频响矩阵。本文还对负载的位置对隔振系统稳定性及振动的传递造成的影响进行了分析。根据机械系统在平衡位置时稳定平衡原理,通过分析隔振系统受到扰动后的能量变化,求得使隔振系统处于稳定的质心区域。对负载在隔振器台面的不同位置时,根据系统频响矩阵分析隔振系统振动传递情况。并用有限元软件对负载在隔振器台面的不同位置时,隔振系统各方向的振动传递情况进行仿真分析,并与理论结果进行对比,验证分析结果的正确性。最后对负载在隔振器台面的不同位置时,隔振系统各方向的振动传递情况进行实验测试,进一步验证分析结果的正确性。
[Abstract]:In order to avoid the impact of ground vibration and environmental interference, ultra-precision machining and measuring equipment usually need vibration isolation platform to protect. Steel spring is used as passive vibration isolator because of its simple structure, accurate mathematical modeling, no additional power and long service life. The horizontal stiffness characteristic of metal spring is an important factor affecting the vibration isolation system. In this paper, the horizontal stiffness characteristics of a single metal spring are carried out in view of the influence of load position on the passive vibration isolation system of metal spring. The theoretical modeling of vibration isolation system and the influence of load position on the stability and vibration transfer of vibration isolation system are studied. The vertical stiffness of the metal spring used in the isolator can be regarded as a fixed constant, but the horizontal stiffness characteristics are complicated by many factors. In this paper, the metal spring is equivalent to a cantilever beam with one end fixed and one end free. Based on the elastic theory, the transverse deformation of the free end of the metal spring under vertical and horizontal loads is derived, and the horizontal stiffness of a single metal spring with different sections is obtained. The dynamic model of metal spring vibration isolation system is established in order to study the change of its performance under load. Considering the variation of horizontal stiffness of metal spring with its vertical load, the vertical load of each isolation unit under load is analyzed, and different horizontal stiffness is obtained. On this basis, the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of vibration isolation system are obtained according to the knowledge of rigid body kinematics, and the frequency response matrix of the system is obtained by modal analysis theory. The influence of load position on the stability and vibration transfer of vibration isolation system is also analyzed. According to the principle of stabilizing the mechanical system in the equilibrium position, by analyzing the energy change of the vibration isolation system after being disturbed, the stable center of mass region of the vibration isolation system is obtained. The vibration transfer of the isolation system is analyzed according to the frequency response matrix of the system when the load is at different positions on the vibration isolator table. The finite element software is used to simulate and analyze the vibration transfer of the vibration isolation system in different positions of the isolator table, and the results are compared with the theoretical results to verify the correctness of the analysis results. Finally, the vibration transfer of the vibration isolation system in different positions of the isolator table is tested experimentally, which further verifies the correctness of the analysis results.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB535.1
本文编号：2209030
[Abstract]:In order to avoid the impact of ground vibration and environmental interference, ultra-precision machining and measuring equipment usually need vibration isolation platform to protect. Steel spring is used as passive vibration isolator because of its simple structure, accurate mathematical modeling, no additional power and long service life. The horizontal stiffness characteristic of metal spring is an important factor affecting the vibration isolation system. In this paper, the horizontal stiffness characteristics of a single metal spring are carried out in view of the influence of load position on the passive vibration isolation system of metal spring. The theoretical modeling of vibration isolation system and the influence of load position on the stability and vibration transfer of vibration isolation system are studied. The vertical stiffness of the metal spring used in the isolator can be regarded as a fixed constant, but the horizontal stiffness characteristics are complicated by many factors. In this paper, the metal spring is equivalent to a cantilever beam with one end fixed and one end free. Based on the elastic theory, the transverse deformation of the free end of the metal spring under vertical and horizontal loads is derived, and the horizontal stiffness of a single metal spring with different sections is obtained. The dynamic model of metal spring vibration isolation system is established in order to study the change of its performance under load. Considering the variation of horizontal stiffness of metal spring with its vertical load, the vertical load of each isolation unit under load is analyzed, and different horizontal stiffness is obtained. On this basis, the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of vibration isolation system are obtained according to the knowledge of rigid body kinematics, and the frequency response matrix of the system is obtained by modal analysis theory. The influence of load position on the stability and vibration transfer of vibration isolation system is also analyzed. According to the principle of stabilizing the mechanical system in the equilibrium position, by analyzing the energy change of the vibration isolation system after being disturbed, the stable center of mass region of the vibration isolation system is obtained. The vibration transfer of the isolation system is analyzed according to the frequency response matrix of the system when the load is at different positions on the vibration isolator table. The finite element software is used to simulate and analyze the vibration transfer of the vibration isolation system in different positions of the isolator table, and the results are compared with the theoretical results to verify the correctness of the analysis results. Finally, the vibration transfer of the vibration isolation system in different positions of the isolator table is tested experimentally, which further verifies the correctness of the analysis results.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB535.1
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